Practical advice for implementing long‐term ecosystem monitoring
Practical advice for implementing long‐term ecosystem monitoring
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实施长期生态系统监测的实用建议
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Sergeant;B. Moynahan;W. Johnson
了解自然资源的现状和长期趋势被广泛认为是生态研究和管理的基石。随着社会与涉及多物种和动态栖息地条件的复杂环境问题搏斗，对基于生态系统的管理的呼吁变得越来越迫切（弗朗西斯等人，2007年;莱文等人，2009年）。然而，为了有效实施基于生态系统的管理，管理人员需要获得与方案目标直接相关的适当时间和空间尺度的基线环境测量数据。有一些长期数据有助于制定政策的例子（例如，英国环境变化网络：http://www.ecn.ac.uk/ what-we-do/evidence/），但在许多地方，仍然缺乏可信和共同分享的基线数据，这往往导致决策和环境政策的不佳（Yaffee 1997年）。几十年来，一直有书籍和文章援引长期监测的价值（例如Holling 1978）。莫纳罗亚山的二氧化碳监测和南极洲的臭氧监测可能是证明长期研究重要性的两个最著名的例子，它们提醒科学家注意地球大气层的急剧变化。最近对太平洋十年振荡等自然现象的记录（Mantua H流域恢复：Roni 2005;国家海洋保护区：http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/science/监测/;长期生态研究网络：* 通讯作者。电子邮件：christopher_sergeant@nps.gov Journal of Applied Ecology 2012，49，969-973 doi：10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02149.x
Understanding the current status and long-term trends of natural resources is widely recognized as a cornerstone of ecological research and management. As society wrestles with complex environmental issues involving multiple species and dynamic habitat conditions, the call for ecosystem-based management becomes increasingly urgent (Francis et al. 2007; Levin et al. 2009). However, to effectively implement ecosystem-based management, managers need access to baseline environmental measurements from appropriate temporal and spatial scales that are directly related to programme objectives. Examples of long-term data contributing to policy exist (e.g. UK Environmental Change Network: http://www.ecn.ac.uk/ what-we-do/evidence/), but in many places, there remains a lack of credible and commonly shared baseline data that often results in poor decision-making and environmental policy (Yaffee 1997). Books and articles invoking the value of long-termmonitoring have existed for decades (e.g. Holling 1978). The monitoring of carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa and ozone in Antarctica, possibly the two most famous examples demonstrating the importance of long-term studies, alerted scientists to drastic changes in the earth’s atmosphere. Recent documentation of natural phenomena such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (Mantua H watershed restoration: Roni 2005; National Marine Sanctuaries: http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/science/ monitoring/; Long Term Ecological Research Network: *Correspondence author. E-mail: christopher_sergeant@nps.gov Journal of Applied Ecology 2012, 49, 969–973 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02149.x