Dyslexia: a deficit in visuo-spatial attention, not in phonological processing
Dyslexia: a deficit in visuo-spatial attention, not in phonological processing
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.tics.2009.12.003
复制
发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
19.9
通讯作者：
Trichur Raman Vidyasagar;K. Pammer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trichur Raman Vidyasagar;K. Pammer
发育性阅读障碍影响着高达 10% 的人口，了解其原因非常重要。人们普遍认为，语音缺陷，即单词发音的缺陷，导致了阅读障碍的阅读困难。然而，有新的证据表明语音问题和阅读障碍都是由不良的视觉（即拼写）编码引起的。我们认为，由背侧视觉流控制的注意力机制有助于连续扫描字母，这个过程中的任何缺陷都会导致一系列的影响，包括字素视觉处理、音素翻译和音素意识发展的障碍。这种阅读障碍的观点将核心缺陷定位在视觉系统内，并为早期诊断和治疗的新策略铺平了道路。
Developmental dyslexia affects up to 10 per cent of the population and it is important to understand its causes. It is widely assumed that phonological deficits, that is, deficits in how words are sounded out, cause the reading difficulties in dyslexia. However, there is emerging evidence that phonological problems and the reading impairment both arise from poor visual (i.e., orthographic) coding. We argue that attentional mechanisms controlled by the dorsal visual stream help in serial scanning of letters and any deficits in this process will cause a cascade of effects, including impairments in visual processing of graphemes, their translation into phonemes and the development of phonemic awareness. This view of dyslexia localizes the core deficit within the visual system and paves the way for new strategies for early diagnosis and treatment.