Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas

Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas
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玄武岩浆放气动力学的实验约束

DOI:
10.1029/2011jb008392
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Pioli L
Pioli L
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pioli L

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结合大型实验和理论研究,探讨了玄武岩浆在圆柱形管道中分离两相流动的动力学。实验包括连续注入空气到水或葡萄糖浆在0.24米直径,6.5米长的鼓泡塔。该模型计算了一系列气体表观速度(体积流速/管道面积,10 − 2 - 102 m/s),管道直径(100 - 2 m)和岩浆粘度(3 - 300 Pa s)的泡状和压力梯度。利用实验结果对模型进行了标定,外推了控制柱内岩浆最大泡孔率和气栓气体上升速度的关键流动参数,如Co(分布参数)和Froude数。它预测,岩浆囊泡随着气体体积流量的增加而增加,并随着管道直径的增加而减少,直到阈值(45体积%),其表征搅动和环形流动状态。预计在103 - 104m3/s的最小气体体积流量下,将发生向环形流态的过渡。垂直压力梯度随着气体流速的增加而减小,并受岩浆泡囊(泡状流)或气栓长度和间距的控制。这项研究还表明,直到分离流的条件得到满足,岩浆粘度的增加有利于稳定的段塞流泡状流,但表明气栓和小气泡之间的共存,这有助于总气体流出量的一小部分。气流促进液体的有效对流,有利于岩浆的均匀性和稳定条件。
The dynamics of separated two‐phase flow of basaltic magmas in cylindrical conduits has been explored combining large‐scale experiments and theoretical studies. Experiments consisted of the continuous injection of air into water or glucose syrup in a 0.24 m diameter, 6.5 m long bubble column. The model calculates vesicularity and pressure gradient for a range of gas superficial velocities (volume flow rates/pipe area, 10−2–102m/s), conduit diameters (100–2m), and magma viscosities (3–300 Pa s). The model is calibrated with the experimental results to extrapolate key flow parameters such asCo(distribution parameter) and Froude number, which control the maximum vesicularity of the magma in the column, and the gas rise speed of gas slugs. It predicts that magma vesicularity increases with increasing gas volume flow rate and decreases with increasing conduit diameter, until a threshold value (45 vol.%), which characterizes churn and annular flow regimes. Transition to annular flow regimes is expected to occur at minimum gas volume flow rates of 103–104m3/s. The vertical pressure gradient decreases with increasing gas flow rates and is controlled by magma vesicularity (in bubbly flows) or the length and spacing of gas slugs. This study also shows that until conditions for separated flow are met, increases in magma viscosity favor stability of slug flow over bubbly flow but suggests coexistence between gas slugs and small bubbles, which contribute to a small fraction of the total gas outflux. Gas flow promotes effective convection of the liquid, favoring magma homogeneity and stable conditions.
液气混合物在垂直管内的流动
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发表时间: 1952
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发表时间: 1998-12-01
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