The role of temperature in the initiation of the end-Triassic mass extinction

The role of temperature in the initiation of the end-Triassic mass extinction
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温度在三叠纪末大规模灭绝引发中的作用

DOI:
10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103266
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
12.1
通讯作者:
Petryshyn V
Petryshyn V
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Petryshyn V

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三叠纪末期的大灭绝与大西洋中部岩浆省的喷发同时发生,这是一个巨大的火成岩省,它向大气中输入了大量可能改变气候的挥发性化合物,这些化合物与大气中二氧化碳的急剧上升有关。灭绝机制存在争议,但与硫气溶胶有关的短期冷却(约10年)和与二氧化碳排放有关的长期变暖(10,000 年)——本质上是相反的假设——都被认为是触发因素。到目前为止,没有跨越这一关键区间的温度记录可以提供基线或区分假设机制。在这里,我们使用浅海微生物岩的块状同位素古温学结合气候模拟来重建灭绝水平的海洋温度。在灭绝事件期间,我们发现海洋温度从温和到温暖,并且有证据表明温度反复波动~16 °c,我们将其解释为强烈的季节性特征。这些结果构成了最古老的非生物矿化海洋季节温度记录。我们没有明确的证据表明,在我们记录的灭绝事件的1-80kyr期间,短期变冷或初始变暖,这意味着生物多样性危机的初始爆发可能需要另一种机制。
the end-triassic mass extinction coincided with the eruption of the central atlantic magmatic province, a large igneous province responsible for the massive atmospheric input of potentially climate-altering volatile compounds that is associated with a sharp rise in atmospheric co2. the extinction mechanism is debated, but both short-term cooling (~10s of years) related to sulfur aerosols and longer-term warming (10,000 yrs) related to co2 emissions—essentially opposite hypotheses—are suggested triggers. until now, no temperature records spanning this crucial interval were available to provide a baseline or to differentiate between hypothesized mechanisms. here, we use clumped-isotope paleothermometry of shallow marine microbialites coupled with climate modeling to reconstruct ocean temperature at the extinction horizon. we find mild to warm ocean temperatures during the extinction event and evidence for repeated temperature swings of ~16 °c, which we interpret as a signature of strong seasonality. these results constitute the oldest non-biomineralized marine seasonal temperature record. we resolve no apparent evidence for short-term cooling or initial warming across the 1-80kyr of the extinction event our record captures, implying that the initial onset of the biodiversity crisis may necessitate another mechanism.
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