Dynamics of activation of semantically similar concepts during spoken word recognition.
Dynamics of activation of semantically similar concepts during spoken word recognition.
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DOI：
10.3758/mc.37.7.1026
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Magnuson JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mirman D;Magnuson JS
语义相似性效应为语义知识的组织和语义处理的本质提供了重要的见解。在本研究中，我们使用视觉世界的眼动实验范式考察语义相似性效应的动态变化。在电脑显示器上显示四个物体，参与者被指示点击一个命名的物体，在此期间，他们的视线位置被记录下来。通过与目标概念的语义相似度来预测注视竞争对象的可能性。我们发现可靠的，分级的竞争，取决于目标竞争对手的相似性程度，即使是远相关的项目，在以前的启动研究中没有发现启动。时间过程的措施揭示了一个始终较早的固定峰值附近的语义邻居相对于目标。计算调查的吸引动力学模型，扩散激活模型，和决策模型显示，需要结合兴奋和抑制机制，以获得这样的峰值时间，提供新的约束模型的语义处理。
Semantic similarity effects provide critical insight into the organization of semantic knowledge and the nature of semantic processing. In the present study, we examined the dynamics of semantic similarity effects by using the visual world eyetracking paradigm. Four objects were shown on a computer monitor, and participants were instructed to click on a named object, during which time their gaze position was recorded. The likelihood of fixating competitor objects was predicted by the degree of semantic similarity to the target concept. We found reliable, graded competition that depended on degree of target–competitor similarity, even for distantly related items for which priming has not been found in previous priming studies. Time course measures revealed a consistently earlier fixation peak for near semantic neighbors relative to targets. Computational investigations with an attractor dynamical model, a spreading activation model, and a decision model revealed that a combination of excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms is required to obtain such peak timing, providing new constraints on models of semantic processing.