Simulating water markets with transaction costs.
Simulating water markets with transaction costs.
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DOI：
10.1002/2013wr014493
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发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Harou, Julien J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Erfani, Tohid;Binions, Olga;Harou, Julien J.
本文提出了一个模拟地表水取水许可证（水权）短期成对现货市场交易的优化模型。该方法使用了一个节点弧多商品配方，跟踪在水资源网络中的单个制造商-接收者的交易。这使得会计交易成本之间的个别买家-卖家对和抽象特定的规则和行为使用的约束。贸易是由经济需求曲线驱动的，这些曲线代表了每个取水者随时间变化的水需求。所提出的模型的目的是评估潜在的水文和水市场的经济成果，并帮助政策制定者在设计水市场法规。该模型适用于大乌塞河流域在英格兰东部。该模型评估了在正常年份和干旱年份可能发生的每周水交易和取水量。四个部门（公共供水、能源、农业和工业）包括在94个有效的有执照的调水中。每个许可证的独特的环境限制的代表和每周的经济需水曲线估计。编码为约束的规则代表了当前的水资源管理现实和合理的业主知情的水资源市场行为。结果显示，买家青睐卖家谁可以提供大量，以尽量减少交易。能源厂冷却和农业许可证在产生效益的时候往往被限制获得水，从贸易中受益最多。假设和模型的局限性进行了讨论。交易跟踪水文经济优化模型模拟水市场建议的模型公式包括交易成本和交易行为水市场使用水最受限的用户受益
This paper presents an optimization model to simulate short-term pair-wise spot-market trading of surface water abstraction licenses (water rights). The approach uses a node-arc multicommodity formulation that tracks individual supplier-receiver transactions in a water resource network. This enables accounting for transaction costs between individual buyer-seller pairs and abstractor-specific rules and behaviors using constraints. Trades are driven by economic demand curves that represent each abstractor's time-varying water demand. The purpose of the proposed model is to assess potential hydrologic and economic outcomes of water markets and aid policy makers in designing water market regulations. The model is applied to the Great Ouse River basin in Eastern England. The model assesses the potential weekly water trades and abstractions that could occur in a normal and a dry year. Four sectors (public water supply, energy, agriculture, and industrial) are included in the 94 active licensed water diversions. Each license's unique environmental restrictions are represented and weekly economic water demand curves are estimated. Rules encoded as constraints represent current water management realities and plausible stakeholder-informed water market behaviors. Results show buyers favor sellers who can supply large volumes to minimize transactions. The energy plant cooling and agricultural licenses, often restricted from obtaining water at times when it generates benefits, benefit most from trades. Assumptions and model limitations are discussed. Transaction tracking hydro-economic optimization models simulate water markets Proposed model formulation incorporates transaction costs and trading behavior Water markets benefit users with the most restricted water access