Predicting dermal absorption of gas-phase chemicals: transient model development, evaluation, and application
Predicting dermal absorption of gas-phase chemicals: transient model development, evaluation, and application
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DOI：
10.1111/ina.12079
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Weschler, C. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong, M.;Zhang, Y.;Weschler, C. J.
建立了一个瞬态模型来预测气相化学品在非稳态条件下通过空气-皮肤-血液直接传输的皮肤吸收。它与已发表的模型不同之处在于，它考虑了邻近皮肤的空气边界层中的对流传质阻力。该瞬态模型的计算结果与有限的实验结果吻合良好，可供比较。模型估计的关键参数的敏感性进行了检查。然后，该模型用于估计六种邻苯二甲酸酯的空气-皮肤-血液吸收情况，其中（A）先前未暴露的乘员在单一24小时内在三种不同环境中遇到气相邻苯二甲酸酯;（B）与“A”相同，但连续七天重复该模式。在24小时的情况下，瞬态模型预测更多的邻苯二甲酸酯吸收到皮肤和吸收到血液中比稳态模型。在7天的情况下，对于除最大邻苯二甲酸酯（DEHP）外的所有邻苯二甲酸酯，瞬态和稳态模型计算的结果在3至4天的时间段内收敛。对于场景“A”中的DEP、DiBP、DnBP和BBzP以及场景“B”中的所有六种邻苯二甲酸酯，皮肤摄入量与吸入摄入量相当或大于吸入摄入量。
A transient model is developed to predict dermal absorption of gas-phase chemicals via direct air-to-skin-to-blood transport under non-steady-state conditions. It differs from published models in that it considers convective mass-transfer resistance in the boundary layer of air adjacent to the skin. Results calculated with this transient model are in good agreement with the limited experimental results that are available for comparison. The sensitivity of the modeled estimates to key parameters is examined. The model is then used to estimate air-to-skin-to-blood absorption of six phthalate esters for scenarios in which (A) a previously unexposed occupant encounters gas-phase phthalates in three different environments over a single 24-h period; (B) the same as 'A', but the pattern is repeated for seven consecutive days. In the 24-h scenario, the transient model predicts more phthalate absorbed into skin and less absorbed into blood than would a steady-state model. In the 7-day scenario, results calculated by the transient and steady-state models converge over a time period that varies between 3 and 4days for all but the largest phthalate (DEHP). Dermal intake is comparable to or larger than inhalation intake for DEP, DiBP, DnBP, and BBzP in Scenario 'A' and for all six phthalates in Scenario 'B'.