Southern Ocean CO2 sink: The contribution of the sea ice
Southern Ocean CO2 sink: The contribution of the sea ice
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DOI：
10.1002/2014jc009941
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Tison, Jean-Louis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delille, Bruno;Vancoppenolle, Martin;Tison, Jean-Louis
我们报告的第一个直接测量的二氧化碳分压（pCO（2））在南极包海冰盐水和相关的二氧化碳通量通过空气-冰界面。从冬末到夏季，冰中的盐水从相对于大气的CO2大过饱和变为明显的欠饱和，而底层海洋沃茨保持略微过饱和。盐水中pCO（2）从冬季到夏季的下降是由融化的冰稀释、碳酸盐晶体溶解和净初级生产力驱动的。随着冰的变暖，其渗透性增加，使二氧化碳在空气-海冰界面转移。海冰从大气CO2的临时源转变为汇。我们使用NEMO-LIM 3大规模海冰-海洋将这些观测结果扩展到整个南极海冰覆盖，并提供了南极海冰从大气中吸收春季和夏季二氧化碳的首次估计。在春夏期间，南极海冰覆盖是大气CO2的净汇0.029 Pg C，约占南大洋估计年吸收量的58%。海冰对南大洋的二氧化碳汇有很大的贡献。
We report first direct measurements of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)) within Antarctic pack sea ice brines and related CO2 fluxes across the air-ice interface. From late winter to summer, brines encased in the ice change from a CO2 large oversaturation, relative to the atmosphere, to a marked undersaturation while the underlying oceanic waters remains slightly oversaturated. The decrease from winter to summer of pCO(2) in the brines is driven by dilution with melting ice, dissolution of carbonate crystals, and net primary production. As the ice warms, its permeability increases, allowing CO2 transfer at the air-sea ice interface. The sea ice changes from a transient source to a sink for atmospheric CO2. We upscale these observations to the whole Antarctic sea ice cover using the NEMO-LIM3 large-scale sea ice-ocean and provide first estimates of spring and summer CO2 uptake from the atmosphere by Antarctic sea ice. Over the spring-summer period, the Antarctic sea ice cover is a net sink of atmospheric CO2 of 0.029 Pg C, about 58% of the estimated annual uptake from the Southern Ocean. Sea ice then contributes significantly to the sink of CO2 of the Southern Ocean.