IDENTIFICATION OF ENDOGENOUS SOCIAL EFFECTS - THE REFLECTION PROBLEM
IDENTIFICATION OF ENDOGENOUS SOCIAL EFFECTS - THE REFLECTION PROBLEM
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DOI：
10.2307/2298123
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发表时间：
1993-07-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
MANSKI, CF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MANSKI, CF
这篇论文考察了当研究人员观察群体中行为的分布时出现的反思问题，他们试图推断某个群体中的平均行为是否会影响组成群体的个人的行为。研究发现，除非研究人员具有指定参考组组成的先验信息，否则推理是不可能的。如果有这方面的信息，推论的前景在很大程度上取决于确定参照组的变量和直接影响结果的变量之间的总体关系。如果这些变量在功能上是独立的或在统计上是独立的，则很难或不可能进行推断。如果定义参照组的变量和那些直接影响结果的变量在总体中具有适度的相关性，则前景更好。
This paper examines the reflection problem that arises when a researcher observing the distribution of behaviour in a population tries to infer whether the average behaviour in some group influences the behaviour of the individuals that comprise the group. It is found that inference is not possible unless the researcher has prior information specifying the composition of reference groups. If this information is available, the prospects for inference depend critically on the population relationship between the variables defining reference groups and those directly affecting outcomes. Inference is difficult to impossible if these variables are functionally dependent or are statistically independent. The prospects are better if the variables defining reference groups and those directly affecting outcomes are moderately related in the population.