Antinuclear Radicals: Scientific Experts and Antinuclear Activism in Japan
Antinuclear Radicals: Scientific Experts and Antinuclear Activism in Japan
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反核激进分子：科学专家和日本的反核行动
DOI：
10.1177/0971721815622742
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Avenell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Avenell
这篇文章考察了科学专家在战后日本反核力量运动中的作用。它认为，专家及其活动影响了日本核电的发展，尽管是以间接的、受限制的和零星的方式。像核化学家ōTakagi Jezabur这样的专家激发了反核抗议和舆论的热潮，特别是在1986年切尔诺贝利事故之后，那次事故使核电站选址变得更加困难，导致建设工期延长，并迫使国家和核工业官员将大量资源投入到原子能公关(PR)活动和对有核社区的补偿上。可以说，科学专家的反核倡导和激进主义帮助减缓了核电发展，导致日本的核化程度低于其倡导者的想象。然而，反核专家及其运动从未成为主流核决策的参与者，不得不满足于来自政治边缘的施压策略。2011年3月福岛第一核电站发生灾难后，一些观察家指出，这种缺乏直接政治影响力的做法证明了反核运动的失败。然而，这篇文章并没有彻底失败，而是呈现了一段更矛盾的历史，既有成就，也有缺点。
This article examines the role of scientific experts in the post-war Japanese antinuclear power movement. It argues that experts and their movements have influenced the development of nuclear power in Japan, albeit in an indirect, constrained and sporadic way. Experts like the nuclear chemist Takagi Jinzaburō stimulated an upsurge of antinuclear protest and public opinion, especially after the Chernobyl accident in 1986, which made power plant siting more difficult, contributed to longer construction lead times, and forced state and nuclear industry officials to devote considerable resources to atomic energy public relations (PR) campaigns and compensation for nuclearised communities. The antinuclear advocacy and activism of scientific experts arguably helped to slow down nuclear power development, resulting in a less nuclearised Japan than imagined by its advocates. Antinuclear experts and their movements, however, never became players in mainstream nuclear policymaking and had to be content with pressure tactics from the political peripheries. After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant disaster of March 2011 some observers pointed to this lack of direct political influence as evidence of the failure of the antinuclear movement. Rather than outright failure, however, this article presents a more ambivalent history marked by both achievements and shortcomings.
福岛核事故与日本民间社会：背景、反应和政策影响
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Yasuyuki Sawada;Jonna P.Estudillo;町村敬志;入戸 野健;HASEGAWA,Koichi
通讯作者：
HASEGAWA,Koichi
作为公共利益的区域利己主义：20世纪60年代和1970年代日本的居民运动
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
Japan Forum 18:1
影响因子：
--
作者：
Avenell;Simon
通讯作者：
Simon