Spatial Variation in the Hispanic Paradox: Mortality Rates in New and Established Hispanic US Destinations
Spatial Variation in the Hispanic Paradox: Mortality Rates in New and Established Hispanic US Destinations
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DOI：
10.1002/psp.1968
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Brazil, Noli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brazil, Noli
一系列研究表明，尽管西班牙裔的社会经济地位较低，但他们的死亡率相对于白人较低。在另一篇文献中，学者们表明，拉美裔越来越多地在美国境内搬迁和改变他们的目的地选择。本文使用1999-2010年县级国家生命统计数据，通过比较西班牙裔和白色人的全因死亡率及其在新的和已建立的西班牙裔目的地的差异，将这两个研究领域结合起来。结果显示，在既定的目的地，西班牙裔死亡率的优势要小得多，相对于全国其他地区，由于显着较高的西班牙裔死亡率。利用空间回归技术，该研究还比较了白色和西班牙裔死亡率的生态相关性及其在西班牙裔目的地之间的差距。结果表明，与死亡率差距相关的结构性因素因目的地类型而异，除了西班牙裔最近移民的百分比，这与西班牙裔在所有地区的死亡率优势有关。除了为健康的移民效应提供支持外，研究结果还揭示了内部西班牙裔移民的重要性，这与既定地区的较大差距有关。最后，与白色死亡率相关的因素，特别是当地的社会经济条件，与更大的死亡率差距有关，特别是在新目的地。该研究强调，考虑到西班牙裔人口向直到最近还很少吸引拉丁裔的地区的扩散，越来越需要考虑白色和西班牙裔健康和死亡率结果的地理异质性。版权所有（C）2015约翰威利父子有限公司
A long line of research has shown that despite their lower socioeconomic standing, Hispanics have lower mortality rates relative to Whites. In a separate literature, scholars have shown that Hispanics are increasingly relocating and shifting their destination choices within the US. Using 1999-2010 county-level national vital statistics data, this paper combines these two research domains by comparing Hispanic and White all-cause mortality rates and their differentials in new and established Hispanic destinations. The results reveal that the Hispanic mortality advantage in established destinations is much smaller relative to the rest of the nation owing to significantly higher Hispanic mortality rates. Utilising spatial regression techniques, the study also compares the ecological correlates of White and Hispanic mortality rates and their gaps across Hispanic destinations. The results show that the structural factors associated with mortality gaps vary by destination type except for the percent of Hispanics that are recent immigrants, which is associated with a greater Hispanic mortality advantage in all areas. In addition to providing support for a healthy migrant effect, the results also reveal the importance of internal Hispanic migration, which is associated with larger gaps in established areas. Lastly, factors associated with White mortality, particularly local socioeconomic conditions, are associated with larger mortality gaps, specifically in new destinations. The study highlights the increasing need to consider geographic heterogeneity in White and Hispanic health and mortality outcomes given the expanding dispersion of Hispanics into areas that until recently attracted few Latinos. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.