Environmental efficiency of energy, materials, and emissions.
Environmental efficiency of energy, materials, and emissions.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.054
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Michiyuki Yagi;Hidemichi Fujii;Vincent Hoang;Shunsuke Managi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michiyuki Yagi;Hidemichi Fujii;Vincent Hoang;Shunsuke Managi
本文采用基于自由处置壳的非参数法order-m方法，对2007 - 2013年全球10个行业国际上市公司的环境效率进行了估算。本研究使用毛利润的传统产出和劳动力和资本的两种传统投入，考察了考虑10种不受欢迎的投入/产出中每一种投入/产出的order-m环境效率，并测量了每种不受欢迎的投入和产出的影子价格。结果表明，减少不良投入的潜力比减少不良产出的潜力更大。平均而言，总能源、电力或水的使用有可能减少50%。然而，不良投入的影子价格中位数远高于调查的代表性市场价格。样本中约有10%的公司似乎是潜在的卖家或不受欢迎的投入/产出方面的生产减少者，这意味着每件商品的价格在当前水平上对大多数公司影响不大。此外，本研究表明，企业的环境、社会和治理活动对环境效率没有显著影响。
This study estimates the environmental efficiency of international listed firms in 10 worldwide sectors from 2007 to 2013 by applying an order-m method, a non-parametric approach based on free disposal hull with subsampling bootstrapping. Using a conventional output of gross profit and two conventional inputs of labor and capital, this study examines the order-m environmental efficiency accounting for the presence of each of 10 undesirable inputs/outputs and measures the shadow prices of each undesirable input and output. The results show that there is greater potential for the reduction of undesirable inputs rather than bad outputs. On average, total energy, electricity, or water usage has the potential to be reduced by 50%. The median shadow prices of undesirable inputs, however, are much higher than the surveyed representative market prices. Approximately 10% of the firms in the sample appear to be potential sellers or production reducers in terms of undesirable inputs/outputs, which implies that the price of each item at the current level has little impact on most of the firms. Moreover, this study shows that the environmental, social, and governance activities of a firm do not considerably affect environmental efficiency.