Harmine enhances the activity of the HIV-1 latency-reversing agents ingenol A and SAHA.

Harmine enhances the activity of the HIV-1 latency-reversing agents ingenol A and SAHA.
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DOI:
10.1242/bio.052969
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发表时间:
2020-12-21
期刊:
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Wallet MA
Wallet MA
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Taylor JP;Armitage LH;Aldridge DL;Cash MN;Wallet MA

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人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 (HIV-1) 感染仍然无法治愈,因为在长期抗逆转录病毒治疗期间,长期存在的潜伏感染细胞持续存在。使用潜伏再激活剂(LRAs)如蛋白激酶C(PKC)激动剂(例如巨大戟二萜醇A)或组蛋白脱乙酰酶(HDAC)抑制剂(例如SAHA)以药理方式重新激活和清除潜伏储库的尝试已显示出有希望但不完全的功效。使用 HIV 潜伏期的 J-Lat T 细胞模型,我们发现植物源性化合物去氢骆驼蓬碱增强了现有 PKC 激动剂 LRA 重新激活潜伏感染细胞的功效。用去氢骆驼蓬碱治疗不仅增加了重新激活的细胞数量,而且还增加了每个细胞的 HIV 转录和蛋白质表达。重要的是,当去氢骆驼蓬碱与巨大戟二萜醇 A 和 HDAC 抑制剂 SAHA 联合使用时,我们观察到了协同效应。对该机制的研究表明,去氢骆驼蓬碱与 LRA 一起使用时,会增加 NFκB、MAPK p38 和 ERK1/2 的活性。 Harmine 处理还导致 HEXIM1 的表达减少,HEXIM1 是转录延伸的负调节因子。因此,去氢骆驼蓬碱通过增加 HIV 重新激活所需的转录因子的可用性和促进转录延伸来增强 LRA 的作用。去氢骆驼蓬碱和 LRA 的联合疗法可以通过更深层次地重新激活潜伏的 HIV 原病毒库来使患者受益。摘要:植物源性化合物去氢骆驼蓬碱可有效增强现有 HIV 潜伏期逆转药物的效果。
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) remains incurable because long-lived, latently-infected cells persist during prolonged antiretroviral therapy. Attempts to pharmacologically reactivate and purge the latent reservoir with latency reactivating agents (LRAs) such as protein kinase C (PKC) agonists (e.g. ingenol A) or histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (e.g. SAHA) have shown promising but incomplete efficacy. Using the J-Lat T cell model of HIV latency, we found that the plant-derived compound harmine enhanced the efficacy of existing PKC agonist LRAs in reactivating latently-infected cells. Treatment with harmine increased not only the number of reactivated cells but also increased HIV transcription and protein expression on a per-cell basis. Importantly, we observed a synergistic effect when harmine was used in combination with ingenol A and the HDAC inhibitor SAHA. An investigation into the mechanism revealed that harmine, when used with LRAs, increased the activity of NFκB, MAPK p38, and ERK1/2. Harmine treatment also resulted in reduced expression of HEXIM1, a negative regulator of transcriptional elongation. Thus, harmine enhanced the effects of LRAs by increasing the availability of transcription factors needed for HIV reactivation and promoting transcriptional elongation. Combination therapies with harmine and LRAs could benefit patients by achieving deeper reactivation of the latent pool of HIV provirus. Summary: The plant-derived compound harmine shows efficacy in enhancing the effects of existing HIV latency-reversing drugs.
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