Solar abundances of rock-forming elements, extreme oxygen and hydrogen in a young polluted white dwarf

Solar abundances of rock-forming elements, extreme oxygen and hydrogen in a young polluted white dwarf
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年轻的污染白矮星中富含太阳光含量的造岩元素、极端氧和氢

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stw2182
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Farihi J
Farihi J
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Farihi J

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Teff = 20 800 K的白色矮星WD 1536+520的主要造岩元素O、Mg、Al、Si、Ca和Fe具有广泛的太阳丰度,而挥发性元素C和S具有强烈的相对亏损。除了迄今为止观测到的最高金属丰度(log(O/He)= −3.4)外,以氦为主的大气层还具有异常的氢丰度(log(H/He)= −1.7)。在不确定性,金属与金属的比例是一致的吸积的H2O丰富的岩石母体,解释支持的异常高的微量氢。混合的大气层产生异常短的扩散时间尺度的氦大气白色矮星,不超过几百年,相当于那些在一个更冷,氢丰富的星星。被破坏的母体的整体重元素丰度与大体积地球模式略有偏离,并表明沉积了一些类似核的物质。总的推断吸积速率为4.2 × 109 g/s−1,比任何具有可比扩散时间尺度的白色矮星的吸积速率至少高出4倍。值得注意的是,当这个系统中的吸积耗尽时,金属和氢将在大约3亿年内变得不可检测,从而支持微量氢与行星碎片的持续吸积有关的假设。
TheTeff= 20 800 K white dwarf WD 1536+520 is shown to have broadly solar abundances of the major rock-forming elements O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, and Fe, together with a strong relative depletion in the volatile elements C and S. In addition to the highest metal abundances observed to date, including log (O/He) = −3.4, the helium-dominated atmosphere has an exceptional hydrogen abundance at log (H/He) = −1.7. Within the uncertainties, the metal-to-metal ratios are consistent with the accretion of an H2O-rich and rocky parent body, an interpretation supported by the anomalously high trace hydrogen. The mixed atmosphere yields unusually short diffusion time-scales for a helium atmosphere white dwarf, of no more than a few hundred years, and equivalent to those in a much cooler, hydrogen-rich star. The overall heavy element abundances of the disrupted parent body deviate modestly from a bulk Earth pattern, and suggest the deposition of some core-like material. The total inferred accretion rate is 4.2 × 109g s−1, and at least four times higher than for any white dwarf with a comparable diffusion time-scale. Notably, when accretion is exhausted in this system, both metals and hydrogen will become undetectable within roughly 300 Myr, thus supporting a scenario where the trace hydrogen is related to the ongoing accretion of planetary debris.
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