Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) seroprevalence and characterization of a distinct HIV-2 genetic subtype from the natural range of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeys
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) seroprevalence and characterization of a distinct HIV-2 genetic subtype from the natural range of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeys
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.71.5.3953-3960.1997
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Marx, PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, ZW;Luckay, A;Marx, PA
1993年，在塞拉利昂农村，野生和宠物白眉猴都携带人类免疫缺陷病毒2型（HIV-2）-白眉猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIVsm）家族的不同成员，在从9,309名人类受试者采集的血液样本中检测了人畜共患传染病的程度，使用HIV-1和HIV-2特异性酶免疫分析和确证性蛋白质印迹分析来检测SIVsm相关慢病毒的抗体，我们发现只有9名受试者（0.096%）艾滋病毒检测呈阳性：与西非其他农村社区相比，塞拉利昂的血清阳性率最低（0.021%）的HIV-2感染的报告，远远低于以前报告的SIVsm感染的野生和家庭宠物mangabey的血清阳性率。异源双链分析表明，两株新发现的HIV-1均属于非洲最常见的HIV-1亚型A，但这是塞拉利昂首次发现A亚型。这两例HIV-2感染者携带两株不同的HIV-2毒株，命名为93 SL 1和93 SL 2。在塞拉利昂发现的这种HIV-2亚型的第一株。相反，HIV-293 SL 2不属于五种先前表征的HIV-2亚型（A至E）中的任何一种，而是一种新的亚型，在此称为F，具有迄今为止报道的HIV-2最不同的跨膜序列。已知的两种最不同的HIV-2亚型E和F，在塞拉利昂的人群中罕见且仅发生一次，这可能与西非的这一小区域也包含自由生活和家庭宠物白眉猴的事实有关，这些白眉猴具有高度不同的SIVsm变体，这一发现为以下假设提供了支持：新的HIV-2亚型是由SIVsm向人群的独立跨物种传播引起的，这些单一的到1993年，传播事件尚未在人口中广泛传播。
The extent of zoonotic infections in rural Sierra Leone, where both feral and pet sooty mangabeys harbor divergent members of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-sooty mangabey simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm) family,was tested in blood samples collected from 9,309 human subjects in 1993, Using HIV-1- and HIV-2-specific enzyme immunoassays and confirmatory Western blot analysis to test for antibodies to SIVsm-related lentiviruses, we found only nine subjects (0.096%) who tested positive for HIV: seven tested positive for HIV-1 and two tested positive for HIV-2, Compared with other rural West African communities, Sierra Leone displayed the lowest seroprevalence (0.021%) of HIV-2 infection yet reported, much lower than the previously reported seroprevalence in SIVsm-infected feral and household pet sooty mangabeys. Heteroduplex analysis demonstrated that two of the newly found HIV-1 strains belonged to subtype A, the most common HIV-1 subtype in Africa, but this is the first report of subtype A in Sierra Leone, The two HIV-2-infected individuals harbored two distinct HIV-2 strains, designated 93SL1 and 93SL2, Phylogenetic analysis indicated that HIV-2 93SL1 is a member of HIV-2 subtype A, the first strain of this HIV-2 subtype found in Sierra Leone, In contrast, HIV-2 93SL2 belongs to none of the five previously characterized HIV-2 subtypes (A to E) but is a new subtype, herein designated F, having the most divergent transmembrane sequences yet reported for HIV-2, The fact that both of the two most divergent HIV-2 subtypes known, E and F, are rare and found as single occurrences in persons from Sierra Leone may be related to the fact that this small region of West Africa also contains free-living and household pet sooty mangabeys with highly divergent variants of SIVsm, This finding provides support for the hypotheses that new HIV-2 subtypes result from independent cross-species transmission of SIVsm to the human population and that these single-occurrence transmission events had not spread widely into the population by 1993.