Effects of pH and iminosugar pharmacological chaperones on lysosomal glycosidase structure and stability.

Effects of pH and iminosugar pharmacological chaperones on lysosomal glycosidase structure and stability.
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DOI:
10.1021/bi9002265
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发表时间:
2009-06-09
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Petsko, Gregory A.
Petsko, Gregory A.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lieberman, Raquel L.;D'aquino, J. Alejandro;Ringe, Dagmar;Petsko, Gregory A.

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人类溶酶体酶酸性-β-葡萄糖苷酶(GCase)和酸性-α-半乳糖苷酶(α-Gal A)分别水解鞘脂葡萄糖基神经酰胺和三糖基神经酰胺,这些酶的突变导致脂质代谢紊乱戈谢病和法布里病。我们研究了 GCase 和 α-Gal A 在反映内质网的中性 pH 环境和反映溶酶体的酸性 pH 环境中的结构和稳定性。这些细节对于戈谢病和法布里病的药理伴侣治疗的发展非常重要,其中小分子结合内质网中的突变酶,使突变酶能够满足溶酶体运输的质量控制要求。我们报告了 apo GCase 在 pH 4.5、pH 5.5 下的晶体结构,以及在 pH 7.5 下与药理学伴侣异法戈明 (IFG) 形成的复合物的晶体结构。我们还使用差示扫描量热法对 GCase 在 pH 7.4 和 pH 5.2 下的热稳定性进行了分析。我们将我们的结果与使用 α-Gal A 和分子伴侣 1-脱氧半乳糖尻霉素 (DGJ) 的类似实验进行比较,包括 α-Gal A 与 DGJ 的第一个结构。无论是否结合各自的亚氨基糖,GCase 和 α-Gal A 在溶酶体 pH 下都更稳定,值得注意的是,GCase/IFG 复合物的稳定性对 pH 敏感。我们表明,GCase 中活性位点环的构象对配体结合敏感,但对 pH 不敏感,而 α-Gal A 中没有看到类似的半乳糖或 DGJ 依赖性构象变化。从 α-Gal A 解折叠获得的热力学参数表明,在中性和溶酶体 pH 值下,在不存在亚氨基糖的情况下,存在两态 van't-Hoff 解折叠;在存在 DGJ 的情况下,则显示非两态解折叠。总而言之,这些结果提供了对 GCase 和 α-Gal A 如何通过亚氨基糖进行热力学稳定的深入了解,并提出了开发用于溶酶体贮积症的新药理学伴侣的策略。
Human lysosomal enzymes acid-β-glucosidase (GCase) and acid-α-galactosidase (α-Gal A) hydrolyze, respectively, the sphingolipids glucosyl- and globotriaosyl- ceramide, and mutations in these enzymes lead to the lipid metabolism disorders Gaucher and Fabry disease. We have investigated the structure and stability of GCase and α-Gal A at the neutral-pH environment reflective of the endoplasmic reticulum and the acidic-pH environment reflective of the lysosome. These details are important for the development of pharmacological chaperone therapy for Gaucher and Fabry disease, in which small molecules bind mutant enzymes in the ER to enable the mutant enzyme to meet quality control requirements for lysosomal trafficking. We report crystal structures of apo GCase at pH 4.5, pH 5.5, and in complex with the pharmacological chaperone isofagomine (IFG) at pH 7.5. We also present thermostability analysis of GCase at pH 7.4 and pH 5.2 using differential scanning calorimetry. We compare our results with analogous experiments using α-Gal A and the chaperone 1-deoxygalactonijirimycin (DGJ), including the first structure of α-Gal A with DGJ. Both GCase and α-Gal A are more stable at lysosomal pH with and without their respective iminosugars bound, and notably, the GCase/IFG complex stability is pH sensitive. We show that the conformations of the active site loops in GCase are sensitive to ligand binding but not pH, whereas analogous galactose- or DGJ- dependent conformational changes in α-Gal A are not seen. Thermodynamic parameters obtained from α-Gal A unfolding indicate two-state, van't-Hoff unfolding in the absence of the iminosugar at neutral and lysosomal pH, and non two-state unfolding in the presence of DGJ. Taken together, these results provide insight into how GCase and α-Gal A are thermodynamically stabilized by iminosugars, and suggest strategies for the development of new pharmacological chaperones for lysosomal storage disorders.
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