PATHOLOGY OF ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS
PATHOLOGY OF ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072926
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发表时间：
1994-10-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
DAVIES, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DAVIES, MJ
人类动脉血栓形成的主要原因是动脉粥样硬化。动脉粥样硬化斑块上的血栓形成是由于浅损伤或深损伤。浅表损伤可见内皮细胞剥脱，斑块表面有血栓附着。在深度损伤中，更多的主要斑块破裂使脂核暴露在管腔内。血液进入核心，在斑块内形成血栓，迅速扩大体积。随后血栓形成可能会或可能不会延伸到管腔内，导致闭塞。斑块破裂通过平滑肌肉的增殖来愈合。任何一种形式的血栓形成都可能发生在引起斑块生长的轻微形式中，也可能发生在引发临床症状的主要形式中。在大动脉，如颈动脉，斑块破裂导致慢性溃疡，暴露的血栓作为远端栓塞术的病灶。具有高脂和巨噬细胞含量的斑块，其中平滑肌细胞数量较低，具有最大的破坏风险。
The major cause of human arterial thrombosis is atherosclerosis. Thrombosis over atherosclerotic plaques is either due to superficial or to deep injury. In superficial injury there is endothelial denudation with thrombi adherent to the surface of the plaque. In deep injury more major plaque disruption exposes the lipid core to the lumen. Blood enters the core and thrombus forms within the plaque expanding its volume rapidly. Later thrombosis may, or may not, extend into the lumen leading to occlusion. Plaque disruptions heal by smooth muscle proliferation. Either form of thrombosis may occur in minor forms which invoke plaque growth alone or in major forms which precipitate clinical symptoms. In large arteries, such as the carotid, plaque disruption leads to chronic ulceration with exposed thrombus acting as a nidus for distal embolisation. Plaques with a high lipid and macrophage content in which smooth muscle cell numbers are low are at the greatest risk of disruption.