Enhancement of Auditory-evoked Potentials in Musicians Reflects an Influence of Expertise but not Selective Attention
Enhancement of Auditory-evoked Potentials in Musicians Reflects an Influence of Expertise but not Selective Attention
复制标题
DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2008.20157
复制
发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Jaencke, Lutz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baumann, Simon;Meyer, Martin;Jaencke, Lutz
与非音乐家相比，器乐音调和某些情况下的简单正弦波音调在音乐家中引起的听觉诱发反应更强。这种效应被作为训练引起的听觉皮层可塑性的一个例子。然而，到目前为止，尚不清楚是音乐家集中注意力引起的（器乐）音调的皮质表征扩大还是神经元活动增加导致了报告中的差异。为了系统地研究注意力对简单正弦波和器乐音调加工的影响，我们比较了音乐家和非音乐家的听觉诱发电位记录。在脑电图记录过程中，参与者被要求选择性地注意特定的声音特征，如音高或音色。研究结果表明，选择性注意对听觉事件相关电位（AEP）的影响具有不同的时间过程和地形，与音乐专长在N1分量的再现效应或先前证明的P2分量的影响不同。N1峰电位不受注意调制的影响。这些结果表明，通过对听觉皮层的电流密度映射追踪到的音乐专长的影响，主要不是由选择性注意引起的，它支持了音乐家对音调的aep增加反映了这些音调特定声音特征的神经元表征扩大的观点。然而，独立于N1-P2复合体，注意在音乐家中引起了nd样的负面成分，而在非音乐家中则没有，这表明可塑性也影响自上而下的过程。
Instrumental tones and, in some instances, simple sine-wave tones were shown to evoke stronger auditory-evoked responses in musicians compared to nonmusicians. This effect was taken as an example for plasticity in the auditory cortex elicited by training. To date, however, it is unknown whether an enlarged cortical representation for (instrumental) tones or increased neuronal activity provoked by focused attention in musicians accounts for the reported difference. In an attempt to systematically investigate the influence of attention on the processing of simple sine wave and instrumental tones, we compared auditory-evoked potentials recorded from musicians and nonmusicians. During the electroencephalogram recording, the participants were involved in tasks requiring selective attention to specific sound features such as pitch or timbre. Our results demonstrate that the effect of selective attention on the auditory event-related potential (AEP) has a different time course and shows a different topography than the reproduced effect of music expertise at the N1 component or the previously demonstrated effect at the P2 component. N1 peak potentials were unaffected by attention modulation. These results indicate that the effect of music expertise, which was traced by current density mapping to the auditory cortex, is not primarily caused by selective attention, and it supports the view that increased AEPs on tones in musicians reflect an enlarged neuronal representation for specific sound features of these tones. However, independent from the N1-P2 complex, attention evoked an Nd-like negative component in musicians but not in nonmusicians, which suggests that plasticity also affects top-down processes.