Experiences and Impact of Stigma and Discrimination among People on Antiretroviral Therapy in Dar es Salaam: A Qualitative Perspective.
Experiences and Impact of Stigma and Discrimination among People on Antiretroviral Therapy in Dar es Salaam: A Qualitative Perspective.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/7925052
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Nyamhanga T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mhode M;Nyamhanga T
背景在坦桑尼亚，污名化对坚持抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的影响研究较少。最近的研究表明，接受抗逆转录病毒疗法的人仍然会受到耻辱。关于这一主题的定性资料尤其不足。Objective.本文报告了艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）所经历的耻辱和歧视的维度及其对坚持抗逆转录病毒治疗的影响。设计采用现象学方法收集关于羞辱和歧视的生活经历的资料。根据饱和原理确定样本量。结果受访者经历了不同形式的艾滋病毒相关的耻辱，如口头，社会和感知的耻辱。经历了各种形式的歧视，包括关系歧视、保健工作者的虐待、配偶的指责和拒绝以及工作场所的歧视。与艾滋病毒有关的耻辱和歧视通过加强艾滋病毒状况的隐瞒和破坏社会支持，损害了抗逆转录病毒疗法的坚持。结论在坦桑尼亚增加提供抗逆转录病毒疗法近十年后，艾滋病毒感染者仍然受到羞辱和歧视;这些经历似乎仍然对治疗依从性产生负面影响。在抗逆转录病毒治疗期间，减少耻辱和歧视的努力仍然具有现实意义，应给予更多的推动力，以最大限度地取得积极的治疗成果。
Background. The impact of stigma on adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been less studied in Tanzania. Recent studies indicate that people on ART still experience stigma. Qualitative information on the subject matter is especially insufficient. Objective. This paper reports on the dimensions of stigma and discrimination and their impact on adherence to ART as experienced by people living with HIV (PLHIV). Design. A phenomenological approach was used to gather information on the lived experiences of stigma and discrimination. The sample size was determined according to the saturation principle. Results. Respondents experienced different forms of HIV-related stigma such as verbal, social, and perceived stigma. Various forms of discrimination were experienced, including relational discrimination, mistreatment by health care workers, blame and rejection by spouses, and workplace discrimination. HIV-related stigma and discrimination compromised ART adherence by reinforcing concealment of HIV status and undermining social suppport. Conclusion. After nearly a decade of increasing the provision of ART in Tanzania, PLHIV still experience stigma and discrimination; these experiences still appear to have a negative impact on treatment adherence. Efforts to reduce stigma and discrimination remain relevant in the ART period and should be given more impetus in order to maximize positive treatment outcomes.