Prevalence and Correlates of Youth Homelessness in the United States
Prevalence and Correlates of Youth Homelessness in the United States
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.10.006
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Farrell, Anne F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morton, Matthew H.;Dworsky, Amy;Farrell, Anne F.
目的：无人陪伴的青年无家可归是一个严重的问题。然而，由于缺乏关于人口规模和特点的可靠数据以及长期跟踪青年无家可归情况的可靠手段，应对工作受到限制。我们试图解决这些gaps.Methods：使用具有全国代表性的基于电话的调查（N = 26,161），我们征求家庭和个人报告不同类型的青年无家可归。我们收集了13-17岁青少年和18-25岁年轻人的家庭报告，以及18-25岁年轻人的自我报告。对一个子样本（n = 150）的后续访谈提供了关于青年经历的更多信息，并允许对纳入错误进行调整。在12个月的时间里，大约3.0%的13至17岁的家庭报告了明确的青年无家可归问题（包括逃跑或被要求离开）和1.3%的人报告的经验，只涉及沙发冲浪，导致4.3%的家庭普遍存在广义上的无家可归现象。对于18至25岁的人，明确报告无家可归的家庭患病率估计为5.9%，仅沙发冲浪为6.6%，总体为12.5%。12个月的人口患病率估计值仅适用于18至25岁的人群，分别为5.2%、4.5%和9.7%。发病率约为流行率的一半。农村和非农村县的患病率相似。无家可归的风险更高的年轻父母，黑人，西班牙裔，女同性恋，男同性恋，双性恋，或变性（LGBT）青年;和那些谁没有完成highschool.Conclusions：青少年无家可归的患病率和发病率揭示了一个显着的需要预防和以青年为中心的系统和服务，以及战略，以解决不成比例的风险，某些亚群。(C)2017年青少年健康和医学协会。
Purpose: Unaccompanied youth homelessness is a serious concern. Response, however, has been constrained by the absence of credible data on the size and characteristics of the population and reliable means to track youth homelessness over time. We sought to address these gaps.Methods: Using a nationally representative phone-based survey (N = 26,161), we solicited household and individual reports on different types of youth homelessness. We collected household reports on adolescents aged 13-17 and young adults aged 18-25, as well as self-reports from young adults aged 18-25. Follow-up interviews with a subsample (n = 150) provided additional information on youth experiences and enabled adjustment for inclusion errors.Results: Over a 12-month period, approximately 3.0% of households with 13- to 17-year-olds reported explicit youth homelessness (including running away or being asked to leave) and 1.3% reported experiences that solely involved couch surfing, resulting in an overall 4.3% household prevalence of any homelessness, broadly defined. For 18- to 25-year-olds, household prevalence estimates were 5.9% for explicitly reported homelessness, 6.6% for couch surfing only, and 12.5% overall. The 12-month population prevalence estimates, available only for 18-to 25-year-olds, were 5.2%, 4.5%, and 9.7%, respectively. Incidence rates were about half as high as prevalence rates. Prevalence rates were similar across rural and nonrural counties. Higher risk of homelessness was observed among young parents; black, Hispanic, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) youth; and those who did not complete high school.Conclusions: The prevalence and incidence of youth homelessness reveal a significant need for prevention and youth-centric systems and services, as well as strategies to address disproportionate risks of certain subpopulations. (C) 2017 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine.