Differential contributions of basal ganglia and thalamus to song initiation, tempo, and structure
Differential contributions of basal ganglia and thalamus to song initiation, tempo, and structure
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00584.2012
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Doupe, A. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, J. R.;Stepanek, L.;Doupe, A. J.
基底节-丘脑皮质环路是对运动行为至关重要的多阶段环路，但单个组件对整体环路功能的贡献尚不清楚。我们在鸣禽基底节-丘脑皮质环路(前脑前脑通路，AFP)中解决了这些问题，该环路专门用于歌唱，对发声可塑性至关重要。已知的AFP的主要传入是运动前皮质核，HVC。令人惊讶的是，先前的研究发现，HVC的病变会改变歌曲，但不会消除AFP驱动歌曲产生的能力。因此，我们使用这首由AFP驱动的歌曲来研究基底节和丘脑在发声结构、节奏和发声过程中的作用。我们发现，损毁纹状体-苍白质成分(X区)使鸣声减慢并简化了其声学结构。丘脑成分(DLM)的消除进一步简化了歌曲的声学结构，使其节奏规律化，但也大大减少了歌曲的产量。声学结构的变化表明，AFP的每个连续阶段都增加了SONG的复杂性，但DLM损害对SOG启动的影响表明，丘脑是一个对启动重要的额外输入的场所。总而言之，我们的结果强调了基底神经节-丘脑皮质回路的不同阶段对运动输出的累积贡献，以及丘脑在歌曲启动或“门控”中的明显参与。
Basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits are multistage loops critical to motor behavior, but the contributions of individual components to overall circuit function remain unclear. We addressed these issues in a songbird basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuit (the anterior forebrain pathway, AFP) specialized for singing and critical for vocal plasticity. The major known afferent to the AFP is the premotor cortical nucleus, HVC. Surprisingly, previous studies found that lesions of HVC alter song but do not eliminate the ability of the AFP to drive song production. We therefore used this AFP-driven song to investigate the role of basal ganglia and thalamus in vocal structure, tempo, and initiation. We found that lesions of the striatopallidal component (Area X) slowed song and simplified its acoustic structure. Elimination of the thalamic component (DLM) further simplified the acoustic structure of song and regularized its rhythm but also dramatically reduced song production. The acoustic structure changes imply that sequential stages of the AFP each add complexity to song, but the effects of DLM lesions on song initiation suggest that thalamus is a locus of additional inputs important to initiation. Together, our results highlight the cumulative contribution of stages of a basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuit to motor output along with distinct involvement of thalamus in song initiation or "gating."