Many ways to be small: different environmental regulators of size generate distinct scaling relationships in Drosophila melanogaster
Many ways to be small: different environmental regulators of size generate distinct scaling relationships in Drosophila melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2008.1796
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发表时间：
2009-07-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Dworkin, Ian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shingleton, Alexander W.;Estep, Chad M.;Dworkin, Ian
静态异速生长，身体和性状大小之间的比例关系，描述了种群或物种中动物的形状，并响应于大小的遗传或环境调节因子的变化而产生。原则上，异速生长可能会随着产生它们的不同尺寸调节器而变化，这可能是有问题的，因为异速生长差异也被用来推断形态学上的选择模式。我们测试这一假设，通过研究在果蝇的规模在三个环境监管机构的大小：营养，温度和饲养密度的变化的缩放模式。我们的数据表明，不同的环境调节器的大小确实产生不同的模式的缩放。因此，表面上大小相同的苍蝇可能有非常不同的身体比例。这些数据表明，性状大小不是简单地读出的身体大小，但不同的环境因素可能会调节身体和性状大小，以及两者之间的关系，通过不同的发展机制。因此，如果不首先阐明在种群成员之间产生大小变异的环境和遗传因素，就很难推断出在野生种群中形成比例关系的选择压力。
Static allometries, the scaling relationship between body and trait size, describe the shape of animals in a population or species, and are generated in response to variation in genetic or environmental regulators of size. In principle, allometries may vary with the different size regulators that generate them, which can be problematic since allometric differences are also used to infer patterns of selection on morphology. We test this hypothesis by examining the patterns of scaling in Drosophila melanogaster subjected to variation in three environmental regulators of size: nutrition, temperature and rearing density. Our data indicate that different environmental regulators of size do indeed generate different patterns of scaling. Consequently, flies that are ostensibly the same size may have very different body proportions. These data indicate that trait size is not simply a read-out of body size, but that different environmental factors may regulate body and trait size, and the relationship between the two, through different developmental mechanisms. It may therefore be difficult to infer selective pressures that shape scaling relationships in a wild population without first elucidating the environmental and genetic factors that generate size variation among members of the population.