Environmental health disparities: a framework integrating psychosocial and environmental concepts.
Environmental health disparities: a framework integrating psychosocial and environmental concepts.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.7074
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发表时间：
2004-12
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Payne-Sturges, Devon C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gee, Gilbert C;Payne-Sturges, Devon C
虽然人们经常承认，社会和环境因素相互作用，产生种族和民族的环境健康的差异，它仍然不清楚这是如何发生的。尽管持续存在争议，但环境正义运动提出了一些见解，认为弱势群体面临更大的环境危害风险。长期以来，疾病-疾病模式一直认为，不同的“脆弱性”可能会改变有毒物质对生物系统的影响。然而，在具体说明少数种族和族裔是否可能比多数人口更易受伤害以及这些脆弱性可能是什么方面所做的工作相对较少。我们认为，社会心理压力可能是脆弱性因素，社会条件与环境危害。心理社会压力可导致身体系统功能的急性和慢性变化（例如，免疫），也直接导致疾病。在这篇文章中，我们提出了一个多学科的框架整合这些想法。我们还认为，居住隔离导致不同的经验，社区压力，暴露于污染物，并获得社区资源。如果得不到资源的平衡，压力因素可能会导致更容易受到环境危害的影响。
Although it is often acknowledged that social and environmental factors interact to produce racial and ethnic environmental health disparities, it is still unclear how this occurs. Despite continued controversy, the environmental justice movement has provided some insight by suggesting that disadvantaged communities face greater likelihood of exposure to ambient hazards. The exposure–disease paradigm has long suggested that differential “vulnerability” may modify the effects of toxicants on biological systems. However, relatively little work has been done to specify whether racial and ethnic minorities may have greater vulnerability than do majority populations and, further, what these vulnerabilities may be. We suggest that psychosocial stress may be the vulnerability factor that links social conditions with environmental hazards. Psychosocial stress can lead to acute and chronic changes in the functioning of body systems (e.g., immune) and also lead directly to illness. In this article we present a multidisciplinary framework integrating these ideas. We also argue that residential segregation leads to differential experiences of community stress, exposure to pollutants, and access to community resources. When not counterbalanced by resources, stressors may lead to heightened vulnerability to environmental hazards.