Spread of HIV infection in a rural area of Tanzania
Spread of HIV infection in a rural area of Tanzania
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/00002030-199907090-00013
复制
发表时间：
1999-07-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ng'weshemi, JZL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boerma, JT;Urassa, M;Ng'weshemi, JZL
目的：为了评估艾滋病毒的传播到农村地区。方法：自1994年以来，人口监测系统（5个月一轮）和开放的成人队列研究已建立在坦桑尼亚的农村病房。1994-1995年和1996-1997年分别对所有15-44岁和15-46岁的成年居民进行了两次血清调查。结果：1994/1995年和1996/1997年两轮调查的出席人数分别为5820人（78%）和6413人（80%）。艾滋病毒感染率从5.8%上升到6.6%。男性和女性的艾滋病毒感染率分别为每100人年0.73和0.84。20岁以下的男女艾滋病毒感染率都很低。在所研究的小地理区域内观察到艾滋病毒流行率和发病率的显著差异：交易中心的艾滋病毒流行率是交易中心周围地区（2公里内）的两倍，是农村村庄（交易中心8公里内）的三到四倍。汇总水平的数据显示，在交易中心和附近的农村村庄的性行为，商业性工作者，人口流动性，酒精use.Conclusion：本研究的文件中存在的非常大的艾滋病毒感染率和发病率的差异在一个小的地理农村地区。艾滋病毒流行率在一个小的农村地区迅速下降，突出表明必须将艾滋病毒预防工作集中在高传播地区，如贸易中心，特别是在资源贫乏的环境中。此外，这对监测艾滋病毒通过哨点的传播具有相当大的影响，因为这些哨点通常位于高传播地区。(C)1999年利平科特威廉姆斯&威尔金斯。
Objective: To assess the spread of HIV into rural areas.Methods: Since 1994 a demographic surveillance system (with 5-monthly rounds) and open adult cohort study have been established in a rural ward in Tanzania. Two sero-surveys of all resident adults aged 15-44 and 15-46 years were conducted in 1994-1995 and 1996-1997 respectively. Qualitative data were collected on mobility, bars and commercial sex.Results: Attendance of the two rounds of survey was 5820 (78%) and 6413 (80%) in 1994/1995 and 1996/1997 respectively. HIV prevalence increased from 5.8% to 6.6%. HIV incidence was 0.73 and 0.84 per 100 person years among men and women respectively. HIV incidence under the age of 20 years was low among both sexes. Striking differences in HIV prevalence and incidence were observed within the small geographic area studied: HIV prevalence in the trading center was twice that in the area surrounding the trading center (within 2 km) and three to four times that in the rural villages (within 8 km of the trading center). Aggregate level data showed significant differences between the trading center and nearby rural villages in terms of sexual behavior, commercial sex workers, mobility of the population, and alcohol use.Conclusion: This study documents the existence of very substantial HIV prevalence and incidence differences within a small geographic rural area. The rapid decrease in HIV prevalence within a small rural area emphasizes the importance of concentrating HIV prevention efforts on high transmission areas, such as trading centers, especially in resource-poor settings. Furthermore, this has considerable implications for monitoring the spread of HIV through sentinel sites, as such sites are typically located in high transmission areas. (C) 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.