Inter-specific differences in numerical abilities among teleost fish.
Inter-specific differences in numerical abilities among teleost fish.
复制标题
硬骨鱼中数值能力的特异性差异。
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00483
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Bisazza A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agrillo C;Miletto Petrazzini ME;Tagliapietra C;Bisazza A
成人、婴儿和非人类灵长类动物被认为具有类似的非语言数字系统，但关于是否所有脊椎动物都具有相同的数字能力，存在相当大的争论。尽管有大量的研究，但跨物种比较仍然很困难，因为所采用的方法和物种检查的背景在不同的研究中差异很大。为了填补这一空白，我们使用相同的程序、刺激和数值对比来比较五种硬骨鱼的数量能力：红尾裂鳍鱼、孔雀鱼、斑马鱼、暹罗斗鱼和天使鱼。实验对象被训练用食物奖励来区分两组几何图形。鱼最初是按照简单的数字比例（5比10和6比12）进行训练的。一旦他们达到了学习标准，他们就会接受非强化探针试验，其中集合大小不变，但数值比例不同（8 vs. 12和9 vs. 12）。他们还接受了探针试验，其中比例是恒定的，但总集大小增加（25对50）或减少（2对4）。总体而言，鱼类以0.67的比率普遍化到数量，但以0.75的比率失败；他们推广到一个更小的集合大小，而不是更大的集合大小。在五个物种中只观察到微小的差异。然而，在斑马鱼中，达到学习标准的个体比例远低于其他物种。在对照实验中，斑马鱼在形状识别方面表现出类似的较低表现，这表明观察到的差异是由于斑马鱼在学习这一过程中的困难，而不是由于数值域的跨物种差异。
Adults, infants and non-human primates are thought to possess similar non-verbal numerical systems, but there is considerable debate regarding whether all vertebrates share the same numerical abilities. Despite an abundance of studies, cross-species comparison remains difficult because the methodology employed and the context of species examination vary considerably across studies. To fill this gap, we used the same procedure, stimuli, and numerical contrasts to compare quantity abilities of five teleost fish: redtail splitfin, guppies, zebrafish, Siamese fighting fish, and angelfish. Subjects were trained to discriminate between two sets of geometrical figures using a food reward. Fish initially were trained on an easy numerical ratio (5 vs. 10 and 6 vs. 12). Once they reached the learning criterion, they were subjected to non-reinforced probe trials in which the set size was constant but numerical ratios varied (8 vs. 12 and 9 vs. 12). They also were subjected to probe trials in which the ratio was constant, but the total set size was increased (25 vs. 50) or decreased (2 vs. 4). Overall, fish generalized to numerosities with a 0.67 ratio, but failed with a 0.75 ratio; they generalized to a smaller set size, but not to a larger one. Only minor differences were observed among the five species. However, in one species, zebrafish, the proportion of individuals reaching the learning criterion was much smaller than in the others. In a control experiment, zebrafish showed a similar lower performance in shape discrimination, suggesting that the observed difference resulted from the zebrafish’s difficulty in learning this procedure rather than from a cross-species variation in the numerical domain.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Gross, Hans J.;Pahl, Mario;Si, Aung;Zhu, Hong;Tautz, Juergen;Zhang, Shaowu
通讯作者：
Zhang, Shaowu
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2.7
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通讯作者：
Gerlai, Robert
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3.7
作者：
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Dadda, M.
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通讯作者：
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