CONTRIBUTIONS OF OBESITY, GENDER, HUNGER, FOOD PREFERENCE, AND BODY SIZE TO BITE SIZE, BITE SPEED, AND RATE OF EATING
CONTRIBUTIONS OF OBESITY, GENDER, HUNGER, FOOD PREFERENCE, AND BODY SIZE TO BITE SIZE, BITE SPEED, AND RATE OF EATING
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DOI：
10.1016/s0195-6663(84)80026-4
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
MCCUTCHEON, NB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HILL, SW;MCCUTCHEON, NB
大学生在高饥饿或低饥饿条件下吃两个高偏好或两个低偏好甜甜圈。受试者被引导相信我们对吃甜甜圈后的偏好评级感兴趣。被咬的次数和吃零食的总时间都被秘密记录。之前称过甜甜圈的重量后，我们计算了一口大小（每口的数量）、咬速度（每口的时间）和进食速度（每秒的数量）。进食率随着肥胖、体型、饥饿和偏好的增加而增加；男性的吃饭速度比女性快。较大的咬量导致肥胖、高偏好受试者和体型较大的受试者比例增加。饥饿的受试者通过加快进食速度来提高进食速度。男性比女性吃得更快，咬得更大但速度更慢。因此进食速度受到多重控制。数据还表明，肥胖以及部分性别对这些饮食反应的影响可以更简单地解释为体型影响。只有当了解这些措施之间的关系时，修改这些饮食反应以调节食物摄入量才会成功。
College students ate two high preference or two low preference doughnuts under high or low hunger conditions. Subjects were led to believe that we were interested in preference ratings made after eating the doughnuts. The number of bites and the total snack time were covertly recorded. Having weighed the doughnuts previously, we calculated the bite size (amount per bite), bite speed (time per bite), and eating rate (amount per second). Eating rate increased as obesity, body size, hunger, and preference increased; men ate at a faster rate than women. Larger bites accounted for the increased rate of the obese, the high preference subjects, and those having a larger body size. The hungry subjects increased their eating rate by taking faster bites. Men ate faster than women by taking both larger but slower bites. Thus eating rate is under multiple control. The data also suggest that the effects of obesity and, in part, gender on these eating responses may be more parsimoniously explained as body size effects. Modification of these within-session eating responses in order to regulate food intake will be successful only when the relationships among these measures are understood.