The yield of mechanically harvested rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) can be increased by optimum plant density and row spacing.
The yield of mechanically harvested rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) can be increased by optimum plant density and row spacing.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep18835
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发表时间：
2015-12-21
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Zhou G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuai J;Sun Y;Zuo Q;Huang H;Liao Q;Wu C;Lu J;Wu J;Zhou G
为了确定种植密度和行距对油菜籽机械收获的影响，进行了田间试验。植株密度越高，荚果越少，单株产量越低。在较高的种植密度下，较宽的行距增加了每荚种子数和千粒重，从而提高了单株产量。当密度为45 × 104株ha - 1 (D45)，行距为15 cm （R15）时，产量最高，因为与竞争相关的死亡率随着密度和行距的增加而增加。叶面积指数（LAI）和荚果面积指数（PAI）与每公顷产量表现出相似的关系，与截获光率呈正相关，而辐射利用效率（RUE）与种群生物量呈正相关。株高降低和根冠比增加导致倒伏指数降低。随着植株密度和行距的增加，抗落荚性也有所提高。D30和D45处理下，随着行距的增加，最低5个枝条的夹角减小。这些结构变化都影响了机械收获作业，导致D45R15下油菜籽机械收获产量最高。
To determine the effects of plant density and row spacing on the mechanical harvesting of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), field experiments were conducted. Higher plant density produced fewer pods and reduced the yield per plant. Wider row spacing at higher plant densities increased seeds per pod and the 1000-seed weight, resulting in a higher yield per plant. The highest yields were achieved at a density of 45 × 104 plants ha−1 (D45) in combination with 15 cm row spacing (R15) because mortality associated with competition increased as both the plant density and row spacing increased. The leaf area index (LAI) and pod area index (PAI) showed similar relations to the yield per hectare, and they were positively correlated with the percentage of intercepted light, whereas the radiation use efficiency (RUE) was positively correlated with population biomass. Reduced plant height and increased root/shoot ratios led to a decreased culm lodging index. Improved resistance to pod shattering was also observed as plant density and row spacing increased. The angle of the lowest 5 branches decreased as row spacing increased under D30 and D45. All of these structural changes influenced the mechanical harvesting operations, resulting in the highest yield of mechanically harvesting rapeseed under D45R15.