Fungal fragments and undocumented conidia function as new aeroallergen sources
Fungal fragments and undocumented conidia function as new aeroallergen sources
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2005.02.009
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
14.2
通讯作者：
Tovey, ER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, BJ;Sercombe, JK;Tovey, ER
背景：目前有100多种真菌分生孢子被认为是过敏原的来源。其他真菌属加上空气真菌菌丝和破碎的分生孢子对变态反应性疾病的贡献还不清楚。目的：利用过敏血清IgE对从单个真菌颗粒中提取的固定变应原进行免疫染色，利用卤素免疫分析法研究空气中野生真菌变应原的表达。方法：用容积式气泵将空气真菌收集到混合纤维素酯蛋白结合膜上2.5h。收集的真菌在潮湿的室内培养过夜，以促进分生孢子的萌发。用粘性盖片对膜进行层叠，并用对Altenaria物种敏感的血清IgE池进行免疫染色。结果：所有空气样品均含有表达可溶性变应原的真菌菌丝，其浓度显著高于个别致敏属分生孢子的浓度(P<；.05)。由此产生的真菌菌丝的免疫染色是不同的，与未染色的菌丝相比，大约25%的菌丝表达了可检测到的过敏原(P<；0.05)。10个属的真菌分生孢子被证实与表达的抗原结合，占空气传播分生孢子总数的8%。结论：我们对室内采集的野生型真菌的分析提出了一种新的自然真菌暴露模式，除了常见的已知物种外，还包括空气传播的菌丝、碎裂的分生孢子和更多样化的属的分生孢子作为空气传播变应原。
Background: More than 100 genera of fungal conidia are currently recognized as sources of allergens. The contribution of other fungal genera plus airborne fungal hyphae and fragmented conidia to allergic diseases is poorly understood.Objective: We sought to investigate the expression of allergens from airborne wild-type fungi using the Halogen immunoassay, which uses allergic serum IgE to immunostain immobilized allergens extracted from individual fungal particles. Methods: Airborne fungi were collected onto mixed cellulose ester protein-binding membranes for 2.5 hours with volumetric air pumps. Collected fungi were incubated overnight in a humid chamber to promote the germination of conidia. The membranes were laminated with an adhesive cover slip and immunostained with an Altentaria species-sensitive serum IgE pool. The samples were examined by means of light microscopy, and positively immunostained fungal particles were classified and counted.Results: All air samples contained fungal hyphae that expressed soluble allergens and were significantly higher in concentration than counts of conidia of individual well-ebaracterized allergenic genera (P < .05). Resultant immunostaining of fungal hyphae was heterogeneous, and approximately 25% of all hyphae expressed detectable allergen compared with nonstained hyphae (P < .05). Fungal conidia of 10 genera that were previously uncharacterized as allergen sources were shown to demonstrate IgE binding to expressed antigens and accounted for 8% of the total airborne conidia count.Conclusions: Our analysis of wild-type fungi collected indoors presents a new paradigm of natural fungal exposure, which, in addition to commonly recognized species, implicates airborne hyphae, fragmented conidia, and the conidia of a much more diverse range of genera as airborne allergens.