Airport emissions reductions from reduced thrust takeoff operations
Airport emissions reductions from reduced thrust takeoff operations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trd.2017.02.004
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Stettler, Marc E. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koudis, George S.;Hu, Simon J.;Stettler, Marc E. J.
考虑到预计的航空增长，许多机场预计将达到饱和，需要扩建。然而，满足空气质量法规的压力，突显了高效的地面飞机活动对促进增长的重要性。诸如在起飞时减少发动机推力设定等操作战略可以减少燃油消耗和污染物排放；然而，由于数据限制，对其使用的益处和一致性的量化一直受到限制。利用3336个高分辨率飞行数据记录，分析了伦敦希思罗机场减少推力起飞的影响。结果表明，与100%推力起飞相比，采用减少推力起飞可使油耗、氮氧化物(NOx)和碳黑(BC)排放量分别降低1.0-23.2%、10.7-47.7%和49.0-71.7%。对于相同的飞机-发动机组合，推力设置的可变性和对起飞重量(TOW)的依赖被量化。因此，提出了飞机发动机特定的最佳起飞推力设置，以最大限度地减少不同飞机TOW的燃油消耗和污染物排放。燃料消耗、NOx和BC排放可进一步减少1.9%、5.8%和6.5%，相当于地面总燃料消耗、NOx和BC排放减少约0.4%、3.5%和3.3%。这些结果量化了减少推力业务对实现行业环境目标和空气质量合规性的贡献，并意味着考虑到运营和安全限制，希思罗机场目前实施的减少推力起飞几乎是最佳的。(C)2017年作者。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。
Given forecast aviation growth, many airports are predicted to reach capacity and require expansion. However, pressure to meet air quality regulations emphasises the importance of efficient ground-level aircraft activities to facilitate growth. Operational strategies such as reducing engine thrust setting at takeoff can reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions; however, quantification of the benefits and consistency of its use have been limited by data restrictions. Using 3336 high-resolution flight data records, this paper analyses the impact of reduced thrust takeoff at London Heathrow. Results indicate that using reduced thrust takeoff reduces fuel consumption, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and black carbon (BC) emissions by 1.0-23.2%, 10.7-47.7%, and 49.0-71.7% respectively, depending on aircraft-engine combinations relative to 100% thrust takeoff. Variability in thrust settings for the same aircraft-engine combination and dependence on takeoff weight (TOW) is quantified. Consequently, aircraft-engine specific optimum takeoff thrust settings that minimise fuel consumption and pollutant emissions for different aircraft TOWs are presented. Further reductions of 1.9%, 5.8% and 6.5% for fuel consumption, NOx and BC emissions could be achieved, equating to reductions of approximately 0.4%, 3.5% and 3.3% in total ground level fuel consumption, NOx and BC emissions. These results quantify the contribution that reduced thrust operations offer towards achieving industry environmental targets and air quality compliance, and imply that the current implementation of reduced thrust takeoff at Heathrow is near optimal, considering operational and safety constraints. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.