Biogeography and Chemical Risks on Islands. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
Biogeography and Chemical Risks on Islands. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
复制标题
岛屿上的生物地理和化学风险。
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.12403-0
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ito;L.;Yamaguchi;T.;Tokai;A.;and Takahashi;Y.
马歇尔群岛由29个低海拔环礁组成，珊瑚和有孔虫砂使其容易受到自然灾害和气候变化的影响。大量的降水维持着岛上的生物多样性（Whitehead和Jones，1969年; Yamaguchi等人，2009年）。马朱罗是马歇尔群岛的首府，拥有全球所有环礁中人类居住历史最长的环礁之一，已有2000多年的历史（山口等人，2009年）。在整个岛屿上，猪、狗、鸡、芋头和面包果的混合生物群都是从欧洲祖先那里传来的（克罗斯比，1986年）。然而，第二次世界大战使这些岛屿布满了放射性化学品和重金属，这些物质的生物积累对岛上的植物、动物和人类产生了不利影响（Odum，1971年）。化学品的不良影响可能存在于水、空气和食物中。需要适当的风险管理来处理这些战争和现代化的物质。
The Marshall Islands consist of 29 low altitude atolls comprising corals and foraminifera sand, which makes them vulnerable to natural disasters and climate change. The large amount of precipitation sustains the island's biodiversity (Whitehead and Jones, 1969; Yamaguchi et al., 2009). Majuro, the capital city of the Marshall Islands, has one of the longest human resident histories of all atolls worldwide, for more than 2000 years (Yamaguchi et al., 2009). Across the islands, the portmanteau biota of pigs, dogs, chickens, taro, and breadfruit were transported from European ancestors (Crosby, 1986). However, World War II left the islands covered with radioactive chemicals and heavy metals, the bioaccumulation of which has had adverse effects on plants, animals, and humans inhabiting the islands (Odum, 1971). Adverse effects of chemicals may be found in water, air, and food. Proper risk management is needed to handle these substances of war and modernization.