The Ran Pathway in Drosophila melanogaster Mitosis.
The Ran Pathway in Drosophila melanogaster Mitosis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcell.2015.00074
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Wakefield JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen JW;Barker AR;Wakefield JG
在过去的二十年里，小的GTP酶RAN已经成为有丝分裂和减数分裂的中心调节者，特别是在基于微管(MT)的双极纺锤体的产生、维持和调节中。有丝分裂中RAN调控的途径与RAN在核运输中已有的功能有许多相似之处，并且，与运输一样，这些有丝分裂效应中的大部分是通过影响核粘附素和纺锤体组装因子(SAFS)之间的物理相互作用来介导的，SAFS是一个松散的术语，描述了参与纺锤体组装的蛋白质或蛋白质复合体，通过促进MT的成核、稳定和/或解聚，通过将MT锚定到特定的结构(如中心体、染色质或动核)，或通过MT沿彼此滑动来产生实现双极性所需的力。因此，RAN介导的通路在更广泛的纺锤体组装环境中代表着一个重要的功能模块。利用模式生物黑腹果蝇进行有丝分裂的研究对我们理解中心体和纺锤体的功能有很大的帮助。然而，与哺乳动物系统相比，对Ran介导的通路在果蝇有丝分裂中的作用知之甚少。本文以合胞胚囊胚为研究对象，综述了RAN途径在果蝇有丝分裂中的作用，为进一步研究RAN在纺锤体形成过程中的保守功能提供了重要的理论依据。
Over the last two decades, the small GTPase Ran has emerged as a central regulator of both mitosis and meiosis, particularly in the generation, maintenance, and regulation of the microtubule (MT)-based bipolar spindle. Ran-regulated pathways in mitosis bear many similarities to the well-characterized functions of Ran in nuclear transport and, as with transport, the majority of these mitotic effects are mediated through affecting the physical interaction between karyopherins and Spindle Assembly Factors (SAFs)—a loose term describing proteins or protein complexes involved in spindle assembly through promoting nucleation, stabilization, and/or depolymerization of MTs, through anchoring MTs to specific structures such as centrosomes, chromatin or kinetochores, or through sliding MTs along each other to generate the force required to achieve bipolarity. As such, the Ran-mediated pathway represents a crucial functional module within the wider spindle assembly landscape. Research into mitosis using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster has contributed substantially to our understanding of centrosome and spindle function. However, in comparison to mammalian systems, very little is known about the contribution of Ran-mediated pathways in Drosophila mitosis. This article sets out to summarize our understanding of the roles of the Ran pathway components in Drosophila mitosis, focusing on the syncytial blastoderm embryo, arguing that it can provide important insights into the conserved functions on Ran during spindle formation.