Influence of hardiness, avoidance coping, and combat exposure on depression in returning war veterans: A moderated-mediation study
Influence of hardiness, avoidance coping, and combat exposure on depression in returning war veterans: A moderated-mediation study
复制标题
坚韧性、回避应对和战斗暴露对退伍军人抑郁的影响：一项适度中介研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.127
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发表时间：
2020-03-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Homish, Gregory G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bartone, Paul T.;Homish, Gregory G.
背景资料：抑郁症是从战斗部署返回的军事人员中的一个严重问题，与一系列不良后果有关，包括酗酒和吸毒、家庭暴力和自杀。本研究探讨如何心理坚韧，避免应对，和战斗压力暴露可能会影响抑郁症的美国陆军士兵返回一年的部署到Afghanistan.Methods：国民警卫队士兵（N = 357）完成调查后，他们回到家乡站，包括措施的坚韧，避免应对，战斗暴露，和抑郁症。采用普通最小二乘回归程序（PROCESS程序; Hayes，2013）进行路径分析，以检验研究变量之间的中介和调节效应。结果：结果显示出适度的中介模式。在中介模型中，坚韧性对抑郁有显著的影响，并通过回避应对起中介作用。耐寒性低的士兵报告使用更多的回避应对策略，这与抑郁症的增加有关。这种影响反过来被认为是有条件的，由战斗暴露水平调节，因此在高水平暴露时效果更强。局限性：数据是横截面的，样本仅由男性士兵组成，这可能限制了普遍性。抑郁症和相关问题的战斗退伍军人可能会减少应用培训计划和政策，旨在提高坚韧的态度和积极的应对技能。
Background: Depression is a serious problem among military personnel returning from combat deployments, and is related to a range of adverse outcomes including alcohol and drug abuse, family violence and suicide. The present study explores how psychological hardiness, avoidance coping, and combat stress exposure may influence depression in U.S. Army soldiers returning from a one-year deployment to Afghanistan.Methods: National Guard soldiers (N = 357) completed surveys upon their return to home station, including measures of hardiness, avoidance coping, combat exposure, and depression. Path analysis with ordinary least squares regression procedures (PROCESS program; Hayes, 2013) were applied to test for mediation and moderation effects among the study variables. Results: Results showed a pattern of moderated-mediation. In the mediation model, hardiness had a significant effect on depression, which was mediated by avoidance coping. Soldiers low in hardiness reported using more avoidance coping strategies, which was related to increased depression. This effect in turn was seen to be conditional, moderated by level of combat exposure such that the effect was stronger at high levels of exposure.Limitations: Data are cross-sectional, and the sample consisted of male soldiers only, which may limit generalizability.Conclusions: Depression and related problems among combat veterans may be diminished by applying training programs and policies aimed at increasing hardiness attitudes and active coping skills.