Legal challenges in providing treatment for people who use drugs (PWUDs) in Malaysia.

Legal challenges in providing treatment for people who use drugs (PWUDs) in Malaysia.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103311
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发表时间:
2021-11
期刊:
The International journal on drug policy
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Chawarski MC
Chawarski MC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vicknasingam B;Mohd Salleh NA;Ramadah R;Singh D;Kamarulzaman A;Chawarski MC

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In the early 2000s, Amphetamine Type Stimulants (ATS), primarily methamphetamine, started to dominate the illicit drug markets, including in Malaysia. In recent years, ATS use disorder accounts for most of drug-related treatment admissions in Asia (UNODC, 2019a). This shift in drug use patterns prompted changes in how drug enforcement and related government agencies address drug use problems. In this viewpoint, we argue that in Malaysia, application of existing laws by the law enforcement agencies, the Royal Malaysia Police detaining both drug traffickers/sellers and people who use drugs (PWUDs) and the National Anti-Drugs Agency detaining PWUDs, increase incarceration rates and penalties for ATS use.Historically in Malaysia treatment and rehabilitation approaches for PWUDs were limited to abstinence-based institutional programmes (Narayanan et al., 2011). In the early 2000s, in response to the HIV epidemic, which was then concentrated among people who inject drugs, the government introduced and disseminated medical treatments for opioid use disorder (Vicknasingam et al., 2015). Additionally, needle and syringe programmes (NSP) and community-based services for PWUDs have been introduced (Reid et al., 2007). However, despite a marked increase in ATS use, the availability and access to medical treatments for ATS use disorder remained very limited (Chawarski et al., 2012). While there are no
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