A Pilot Study of Reduced Olfactory Bulb Volume as a Marker of PTSD in Childhood Trauma-Exposed Adult HIV-Infected Patients.
A Pilot Study of Reduced Olfactory Bulb Volume as a Marker of PTSD in Childhood Trauma-Exposed Adult HIV-Infected Patients.
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一项将嗅球体积减少作为童年创伤暴露成人 HIV 感染者 PTSD 标志的初步研究。
DOI：
10.1002/jts.22222
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kapetanovic,Suad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nwulia,EvaristusA;Rai,Narayan;Sartip,Kamyar;Hipolito,MariaMananitaS;McLean,CharleeK;Flanagan,Kyla;Hamilton,Flora;Lambert,Sharon;Le,Huynh-Nhu;VanMeter,John;Kapetanovic,Suad
有证据表明，嗅球（OB）是气味处理的关键结构，也可能参与创伤应激机制。在动物中，慢性压力会降低嗅球可塑性，而嗅球切除术会导致应激增强的惊吓反射和自主神经失调。然而，OB 形态计量学在人类童年创伤后应激障碍的发展方面尚未得到充分研究。研究人员进行了一项试点研究，以 16 名 HIV 阳性个体为样本，评估产科量、童年创伤和终生创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 之间的关系，其中 13 人曾遭受过 9 名 PTSD 的童年创伤。参与者是从华盛顿特区内城区的艾滋病毒阳性人群中招募的。当比较 PTSD 和非 PTSD 组时，以及比较暴露于创伤的 PTSD 阳性组和暴露于创伤的 PTSD 阴性组时，平均 OB 体积显着减少，p= .019，p= .008。当比较暴露于创伤的参与者和未暴露于创伤的参与者时，没有观察到显着差异。调整性别、年龄、抑郁症、海马体积和颅内容积的组间差异后，PTSD 与右 OB 体积之间的关联仍然很强，p= 0.002。由于本研究受到小样本量的限制，因此应在更大的横断面和前瞻性研究以及不同的队列中进一步阐明 OB、创伤和 PTSD 之间的关系。
Evidence suggests that olfactory bulb (OB), a key structure in odor processing, may also be involved in mechanisms of traumatic stress. In animals, chronic stress reduces OB plasticity, and olfactory bulbectomy results in stress‐enhanced startle reflex and autonomic dysregulation. However, OB morphometry has not been adequately studied in the development of stress disorders following childhood trauma in humans. The researchers conducted a pilot study evaluating the relationships between OB volume, childhood trauma, and lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of 16 HIV‐positive individuals, 13 of whom were exposed to childhood trauma of 9 developed PTSD. Participants were recruited from a larger cohort of inner city–dwelling HIV‐positive populations in Washington, DC. Mean OB volumes were significantly reduced when PTSD and non‐PTSD groups were compared,p= .019, as well as when trauma‐exposed PTSD‐positive and trauma‐exposed PTSD‐negative groups were compared,p= .008. No significant difference was observed when trauma‐exposed and nonexposed participants were compared. The association between PTSD and right OB volume remained strongp= 0.002 after adjusting for group differences in sex, age, depression, hippocampal volume, and total intracranial volume. Because this study is limited by small sample size, further elucidation of relationships between OB, trauma, and PTSD should be investigated in larger cross‐sectional and prospective studies and in diverse cohorts.