2. Access and Accessibility at ELAR, a Social Networking Archive for Endangered Languages Documentation
2. Access and Accessibility at ELAR, a Social Networking Archive for Endangered Languages Documentation
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2. ELAR（濒危语言文档社交网络档案馆）的访问和可访问性
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发表时间：
2013
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
David Nathan
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文献类型：
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作者：
David Nathan
本文探讨了濒危语言文献档案的存取问题。访问不能简化为单个参数，并且至少包括以下内容：查找资源的方法、资源的可用性、向用户提供资源的方式、资源内容对用户的相关性和可访问性，以及用户对他们与档案及其资源交互的体验的感知。讨论集中在伦敦的濒危语言档案（ELAR）及其在线目录上。ELAR是汉斯·劳辛濒危语言项目的一个项目，该项目设在东方和非洲研究学院。它有两个姊妹项目：ELDP（濒危语言文献计划）为文献工作提供资助，ELAP（濒危语言学术计划）提供语言文献和现场语言学的研究生课程。ELAR于2005年开放，并于2010年6月推出了新的目录系统。该系统使用了Web 2.0或“社交网络”应用程序（Nathan 2010）中首创的功能，因此它的创新之处仅在于将这些功能应用于语言存档。然而，我们相信，结果代表了真正的背离传统档案在我们的领域。为了简化一些事情，到目前为止，访问一直被认为是通过查询标准化元数据进行在线资源发现。在应用访问控制的地方，它通常是基于正式的成员资格标准，例如大学网络上的帐户。ELAR的目标是提供一个更贴近濒危语言工作者需求的档案，当然，也更贴近这些语言群体成员的需求。事实证明，这是一个值得探索的丰富领域，再加上过去五年社交网络应用和惯例的兴起，产生了一个强调访问的细微差别和动态的系统。
This paper considers the issue of access in relation to archives holding documentation of endangered languages. Access cannot be reduced to a single parameter, and includes at least the following: the means of finding a resource, the availability of the resource, the delivery of the resource to the user, the relevance and accessibility of resource content to the user, and the user’s perceptions of the their experience interacting with the archive and its resources. The discussion is centered on the Endangered Languages Archive (ELAR) in London and its online catalog. ELAR is one program of the Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project, based at the school of Oriental and African Studies. It has two sister programs: ELDP (Endangered Languages Documentation Program) provides grants for documentation work, and ELAP (Endangered Languages Academic Program) runs postgraduate courses in language documentation and field linguistics. ELAR opened in 2005 and launched its new catalog system in June 2010. The system uses features pioneered in Web 2.0 or ‘social networking’ applications (Nathan 2010), so it is innovative only in the sense of applying those features to language archiving. However, we believe that the results represent a true departure from conventional archives in our field. To simplify things a little, until now access has been thought of as online resource discovery through querying standardized metadata. Where access control has been applied it has typically been based on a formal membership criterion, such as an account on a university’s network. ELAR’s goal was to provide an archive that is closer tied to the needs of those working with endangered languages, and, of course, the needs of members of those speaker communities. This turned out to be a rich area of exploration, and, coupled with the rise of social networking applications and conventions over the last five years, yielded a system which highlights the nuances and dynamics of access.