Female-biased upregulation of insulin pathway activity mediates the sex difference in Drosophila body size plasticity.
Female-biased upregulation of insulin pathway activity mediates the sex difference in Drosophila body size plasticity.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.58341
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发表时间：
2021-01-15
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Rideout EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Millington JW;Brownrigg GP;Chao C;Sun Z;Basner-Collins PJ;Wat LW;Hudry B;Miguel-Aliaga I;Rideout EJ
在包括哺乳动物在内的大多数物种中，依赖于营养的身体大小可塑性在性别之间是不同的。之前对果蝇的研究表明，雌性果蝇的身体尺寸可塑性更高，但雌性果蝇身体尺寸可塑性增加的机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们发现富含蛋白质的饮食增加了女性的身体尺寸，而不是男性，因为保守的胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子信号通路(IIS)的活性偏向于女性的增加。这种性别偏见的IIS活性上调是由饮食诱导的雌性发育迟缓的mRNA增加触发的，需要果蝇胰岛素样肽2，阐明了这些基因的新的性别特异性作用。重要的是，我们发现性别决定基因转换子通过转录共激活因子SPARGELL促进饮食诱导的发育迟缓mRNA的增加，从而调节雄性和雌性在体型可塑性上的差异。总之，这些发现为营养依赖型身体大小可塑性的性别差异背后的保守机制提供了至关重要的见解。
Nutrient-dependent body size plasticity differs between the sexes in most species, including mammals. Previous work in Drosophila showed that body size plasticity was higher in females, yet the mechanisms underlying increased female body size plasticity remain unclear. Here, we discover that a protein-rich diet augments body size in females and not males because of a female-biased increase in activity of the conserved insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS). This sex-biased upregulation of IIS activity was triggered by a diet-induced increase in stunted mRNA in females, and required Drosophila insulin-like peptide 2, illuminating new sex-specific roles for these genes. Importantly, we show that sex determination gene transformer promotes the diet-induced increase in stunted mRNA via transcriptional coactivator Spargel to regulate the male-female difference in body size plasticity. Together, these findings provide vital insight into conserved mechanisms underlying the sex difference in nutrient-dependent body size plasticity.