Exclamatives, degrees and speech acts
Exclamatives, degrees and speech acts
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感叹词、程度和言语行为
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
J. Rett
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作者：
J. Rett
本文旨在对感叹词的语义和语用进行研究。我集中在两个关键的观察：第一，像Wow，John bakes delicious desserts这样的感叹句！还有诸如约翰烤的甜点多美味啊！第二，感叹词在语义上受到限制，而句子中的感叹词则没有。在我对这些事实的叙述中，我提出了感叹语的言外之力的一个特征，即感叹语从命题到言语行为的功能。句子感叹词和感叹词之间的意义差异对被违背的期望类型有影响。最后，我与以前的一些方法进行了比较，并尝试性地将部分分析扩展到其他结构。
The goal of this paper is an account of the semantics and pragmatics of exclamation. I focus on two key observations: first, that sentence exclamations like Wow, John bakes delicious desserts! and exclamatives like What delicious desserts John bakes! express that a particular proposition has violated the speaker’s expectations; and second, that exclamatives are semantically restricted in a way that sentence exclamations are not. In my account of these facts, I propose a characterization of illocutionary force of exclamation, a function from propositions to speech acts of exclamation. The difference in meaning between sentence exclamations and exclamatives has consequences for the type of violated expectation. I end with a comparison to some previous approaches and a tentative extension of parts of the analysis to other constructions.