How telomeres solve the end-protection problem.

How telomeres solve the end-protection problem.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1170633
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发表时间:
2009-11-13
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
de Lange T
de Lange T
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
de Lange T

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真核生物染色体的末端有可能被误认为是受损或断裂的DNA,因此必须保护其免受细胞DNA损伤反应途径的影响。否则,细胞可能会在细胞周期中永久停滞,试图“修复”染色体末端将对基因组完整性产生破坏性后果。这种末端保护问题由称为端粒的蛋白质-DNA复合物解决。最近对哺乳动物细胞的研究揭示了端粒掩盖染色体末端的机制。与单细胞真核生物的比较揭示了无意中威胁染色体末端的DNA损伤反应系统的关键差异。端粒似乎是针对这些变化,解释其可变的结构和组成。
The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes have the potential to be mistaken for damaged or broken DNA and must therefore be protected from cellular DNA damage response pathways. Otherwise, cells might permanently arrest in the cell cycle, and attempts to “repair” the chromosome ends would have devastating consequences for genome integrity. This end-protection problem is solved by protein-DNA complexes called telomeres. Studies of mammalian cells have recently uncovered the mechanism by which telomeres disguise the chromosome ends. Comparison to unicellular eukaryotes reveals key differences in the DNA damage response systems that inadvertently threaten chromosome ends. Telomeres appear to be tailored to these variations, explaining their variable structure and composition.
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