Environmental neuroscience linking exposome to brain structure and function underlying cognition and behavior
Environmental neuroscience linking exposome to brain structure and function underlying cognition and behavior
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DOI：
10.1038/s41380-022-01669-6
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发表时间：
2022-07-05
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Yu，Chunshui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu，Feng;Xu，Jiayuan;Yu，Chunshui
人类大脑结构、功能和行为的个体差异可以归因于遗传变异、环境暴露及其相互作用。尽管全基因组关联研究已经确定了许多与脑成像表型相关的遗传变异，但与这些表型相关的环境暴露在很大程度上仍然未知。在此，我们建议环境神经科学应更加重视探索终生环境暴露(曝光组)与脑成像表型之间的联系，并识别累积环境效应及其在生命过程中的脆弱年龄窗口。暴露组-神经成像关联研究面临着几个挑战，包括准确测量在空间和时间上变化的环境暴露的总体，暴露组高度相关的结构，以及缺乏全暴露组关联研究的标准化方法。通过不可知性扫描环境暴露对脑成像表型的影响及其与基因组变异的相互作用，暴露组-神经成像关联分析将有助于我们更好地理解与大脑结构和功能的个体差异相关的原因，以及它们与认知能力和神经精神障碍的关系。
Individual differences in human brain structure, function, and behavior can be attributed to genetic variations, environmental exposures, and their interactions. Although genome-wide association studies have identified many genetic variants associated with brain imaging phenotypes, environmental exposures associated with these phenotypes remain largely unknown. Here, we propose that environmental neuroscience should pay more attention on exploring the associations between lifetime environmental exposures (exposome) and brain imaging phenotypes and identifying both cumulative environmental effects and their vulnerable age windows during the life course. Exposome-neuroimaging association studies face several challenges including the accurate measurement of the totality of environmental exposures varied in space and time, the highly correlated structure of the exposome, and the lack of standardized approaches for exposome-wide association studies. By agnostically scanning the effects of environmental exposures on brain imaging phenotypes and their interactions with genomic variations, exposome-neuroimaging association analyses will improve our understanding of causal factors associated with individual differences in brain structure and function as well as their relations with cognitive abilities and neuropsychiatric disorders.