Are microglia minding us? Digging up the unconscious mind-brain relationship from a neuropsychoanalytic approach.
Are microglia minding us? Digging up the unconscious mind-brain relationship from a neuropsychoanalytic approach.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00013
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kanba S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kato TA;Kanba S
无意识的心灵-大脑关系仍然没有得到解决。从神经科学的角度来看，包括突触在内的神经元网络在人类的心理活动中起着重要作用，而胶质细胞在心理活动中的作用却一直被忽视。近年来，研究表明，小胶质细胞，具有免疫/炎症功能的胶质细胞，在精神疾病中发挥重要作用。新发现的小胶质细胞的作用，例如即使在正常大脑中也与突触持续直接接触，已经挑战了小胶质细胞对神经元网络没有贡献的传统信念。最近对健康志愿者使用米诺环素（一种对小胶质细胞活化具有抑制作用的抗生素）进行的人类神经经济学研究表明，小胶质细胞可能会无意识地调节人类的社会行为。本文从神经精神分析的角度提出了一个新的以小胶质细胞为中心的大脑无意识结构系统。至少在某种程度上，大脑中的小胶质细胞激活可能会激活无意识的驱动力，作为头脑中的“心理免疫记忆/反应”，并导致各种情绪，创伤反应，精神症状，包括自杀行为，以及人际关系中的（精神分析）移情。小胶质细胞有潜力弥合神经科学，生物精神病学，心理学和精神分析学之间的巨大差距，作为连接意识和无意识世界的关键角色。
The unconscious mind-brain relationship remains unresolved. From the perspective of neuroscience, neuronal networks including synapses have been dominantly believed to play crucial roles in human mental activities, while glial contribution to mental activities has long been ignored. Recently, it has been suggested that microglia, glial cells with immunological/inflammatory functions, play important roles in psychiatric disorders. Newly revealed microglial roles, such as constant direct contact with synapses even in the normal brain, have defied the common traditional belief that microglia do not contribute to neuronal networks. Recent human neuroeconomic investigations with healthy volunteers using minocycline, an antibiotic with inhibitory effects on microglial activation, suggest that microglia may unconsciously modulate human social behaviors as “noise.” We herein propose a novel unconscious mind structural system in the brain centering on microglia from a neuropsychoanalytic approach. At least to some extent, microglial activation in the brain may activate unconscious drives as “psychological immune memory/reaction” in the mind, and result in various emotions, traumatic reactions, psychiatric symptoms including suicidal behaviors, and (psychoanalytic) transference during interpersonal relationships. Microglia have the potential to bridge the huge gap between neuroscience, biological psychiatry, psychology and psychoanalysis as a key player to connect the conscious and the unconscious world.