Diminishing reciprocal fairness by disrupting the right prefrontal cortex
Diminishing reciprocal fairness by disrupting the right prefrontal cortex
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1129156
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发表时间：
2006-11-03
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Fehr, Ernst
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knoch, Daria;Pascual-Leone, Alvaro;Fehr, Ernst
人类用道德和社会价值来约束自身利益。它们是唯一一个表现出互惠公平的物种，这意味着惩罚其他个体的不公平行为，即使这会损害惩罚者的经济利益。互惠公平在最后通牒博弈中得到了证明，在这个博弈中，参与者经常拒绝谈判伙伴的不公平提议。然而，尽管近年来取得了进展，但人们对人类大脑如何限制自私动机的影响并实施公平行为知之甚少。在这里，我们表明，低频重复经颅磁刺激对右侧而不是左侧背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）的破坏大大降低了受试者拒绝伴侣故意不公平提议的意愿，这表明受试者更难抵制经济诱惑接受这些提议。然而，重要的是，受试者仍然认为这些提议非常不公平，这表明正确的DLPFC在实施公平相关行为中起着关键作用。
Humans restrain self-interest with moral and social values. They are the only species known to exhibit reciprocal fairness, which implies the punishment of other individuals' unfair behaviors, even if it hurts the punisher's economic self-interest. Reciprocal fairness has been demonstrated in the Ultimatum Game, where players often reject their bargaining partner's unfair offers. Despite progress in recent years, however, little is known about how the human brain limits the impact of selfish motives and implements fair behavior. Here we show that disruption of the right, but not the left, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation substantially reduces subjects' willingness to reject their partners' intentionally unfair offers, which suggests that subjects are less able to resist the economic temptation to accept these offers. Importantly, however, subjects still judge such offers as very unfair, which indicates that the right DLPFC plays a key role in the implementation of fairness-related behaviors.