Poor social performance of lonely people: lacking a skill or adopting a role?
Poor social performance of lonely people: lacking a skill or adopting a role?
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孤独者的社交表现不佳：缺乏技能还是适应角色？
DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.52.6.1266
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Horowitz,LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vitkus,J;Horowitz,LM
大量的文献表明，孤独的人与不孤独的人在社会表现的各种衡量标准上有所不同。这些差异通常被概念化为社交技能缺陷，这意味着孤独的人缺乏进行适当和有效的社交行为的能力。然而，作者并不是缺乏这种能力，而是假设被动的人际角色使孤独的人倾向于表现出不足的社会表现。为了验证这一假设，孤独和非孤独的受试者被分配到两个角色之一：他们要么听（条件Li）的互动伙伴描述一个个人问题，或者他们自己描述一个个人问题（条件Pr），他们的合作伙伴。被试的人际角色对他们的社会行为产生了实质性的影响。与描述个人问题的受试者相比，听伴侣描述问题的受试者对一组假设情况产生了更多的解决方案，更充分地关注伴侣，并且交谈时间更长。相比之下，孤独的主题没有不同的非孤独的主题在他们的社会表现在每个特定的角色。然而，孤独和不孤独的受试者对自己和表现的主观评价确实不同。这些结果说明，需要研究，以解决人际和个人的基础上的社会表现。
A substantial literature has shown that lonely people differ from nonlonely people on a variety of measures of social performance. These differences have usually been conceptualized as a social skills deficit, which implies that lonely people lack the ability to perform appropriate and effective social behavior. Rather than a lack of this ability, however, the authors hypothesize that the adoption of passive interpersonal roles predisposes lonely people to exhibit inadequate social performance. In order to test this hypothesis, lonely and nonlonely subjects were assigned to one of two roles: They either listened (Condition Li) to an interaction partner describe a personal problem or they themselves described a personal problem (Condition Pr) to their partner. The subjects' interpersonal role produced a substantial effect on their social behavior. Subjects who listened to their partner describe a problem generated more solutions to a set of hypothetical situations, attended to their partners more adequately, and conversed longer than did subjects who described a personal problem. In contrast, lonely subjects did not differ from nonlonely subjects in their social performance within each particular role. Lonely and nonlonely subjects did differ, however, in their subjective evaluations of themselves and of their performance. These results illustrate the need for research to address both the interpersonal and the intrapersonal bases of social performance.