Effects of nasal inflammation on the olfactory bulb.
Effects of nasal inflammation on the olfactory bulb.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12974-022-02657-x
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发表时间：
2022-12-09
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
鼻窦疾病，如鼻窦炎，每年影响高达12%的个体，这构成了这些疾病作为世界上一些最常见的医疗状况。通过鼻腔暴露于环境病原体和毒物可导致在这些病症中常见的严重炎症状态。众所周知，在这些疾病中，嗅觉粘膜的上皮细胞和神经元细胞，包括嗅觉感觉神经元（OSN），受到显著损害。长期的鼻腔炎症也可能导致嗅觉减退或嗅觉丧失。虽然各种环境因素通过不同的细胞和分子相互作用以不同的方式诱导炎症，但鼻腔炎症对嗅球（OB）的结构和稳态功能具有相似的后果，嗅球是大脑中嗅觉信息的第一中继中心。OB的萎缩通过浅表OB层的变薄而发生，包括嗅神经层、肾小球层和浅表外网状层。OB的球内电路，包括OB投射神经元，OSN和中间神经元之间的连接变得显着失调，其中突触修剪和树突状回缩发生。此外，神经胶质细胞和其他免疫细胞变得过度活化并诱导OB中的炎症状态，这导致细胞因子产生上调。此外，在SARS-CoV-2感染的情况下，鼻腔炎症的许多这些特征都存在。本文综述了鼻腔炎症对啮齿动物OB形态和生理特征的影响。
Sinonasal diseases, such as rhinosinusitis, affect up to 12% of individuals each year which constitutes these diseases as some of the most common medical conditions in the world. Exposure to environmental pathogens and toxicants via the nasal cavity can result in a severe inflammatory state commonly observed in these conditions. It is well understood that the epithelial and neuronal cells lining the olfactory mucosa, including olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), are significantly damaged in these diseases. Prolonged inflammation of the nasal cavity may also lead to hyposmia or anosmia. Although various environmental agents induce inflammation in different ways via distinct cellular and molecular interactions, nasal inflammation has similar consequences on the structure and homeostatic function of the olfactory bulb (OB) which is the first relay center for olfactory information in the brain. Atrophy of the OB occurs via thinning of the superficial OB layers including the olfactory nerve layer, glomerular layer, and superficial external plexiform layer. Intrabulbar circuits of the OB which include connectivity between OB projection neurons, OSNs, and interneurons become significantly dysregulated in which synaptic pruning and dendritic retraction take place. Furthermore, glial cells and other immune cells become hyperactivated and induce a state of inflammation in the OB which results in upregulated cytokine production. Moreover, many of these features of nasal inflammation are present in the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review summarizes the impact of nasal inflammation on the morphological and physiological features of the rodent OB.
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影响因子：
6.2
作者：
DOUCETTE, R
通讯作者：
DOUCETTE, R
在急性鼻部炎症的小鼠模型中，周围免疫细胞浸润到嗅球中。
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Asano, Hinami;Hasegawa-Ishii, Sanae;Arae, Ken;Obara, Aki;Laumet, Geoffroy;Dantzer, Robert;Shimada, Atsuyoshi
通讯作者：
Shimada, Atsuyoshi
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Corps, Kara N.;Islam, Zahidul;Harkema, Jack R.
通讯作者：
Harkema, Jack R.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Curt, A;Bruehlmeier, M;Dietz, V
通讯作者：
Dietz, V