HISTONE SYNTHESIS IN EARLY AMPHIBIAN DEVELOPMENT - HISTONE AND DNA SYNTHESES ARE NOT COORDINATED
HISTONE SYNTHESIS IN EARLY AMPHIBIAN DEVELOPMENT - HISTONE AND DNA SYNTHESES ARE NOT COORDINATED
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-2836(74)90481-1
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发表时间：
1974-01-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
WOODLAND, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ADAMSON, ED;WOODLAND, HR
在南非爪蟾卵母细胞、卵和胚胎中研究了碱性蛋白的合成。一组新合成的蛋白质已通过以下标准被鉴定为组蛋白：溶解度特性;以正确的比例掺入[3 H]赖氨酸和[3 H]精氨酸，但缺乏[3 H]色氨酸;在各种类型的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶中与标记组蛋白共电泳，包括二维的类型电泳;富含精氨酸的部分F2 A1的肽分析。发现F1以外的四种主要组蛋白组分在发育的各个阶段都有合成。F1组蛋白的合成在囊胚晚期首次被发现，并对不同发育阶段的组蛋白合成速率进行了估计，得出的结论是，组蛋白的合成与DNA的合成在时间上或数量上都不协调。组蛋白的合成在以下几个主要方面是不寻常的：组蛋白是在卵母细胞中合成的，然而在这些细胞中，DNA复制已经有好几个月没有发生了;组蛋白是在激活的或受精的卵中合成的，其合成速度远远超过了直接需要的速度（大约500倍）。我们认为，为了提供足够的组蛋白的后期囊胚的组蛋白的存储积累在早期卵裂阶段，并可能在卵子发生。
The synthesis of basic proteins has been studied in the oocytes, eggs and embryos of the South African clawed frog,Xenopus laevis. A group of newly synthesized proteins has been identified as histones by the following criteria: solubility properties; incorporation of [3H]lysine and [3H]arginine in the correct proportions, but lack of incorporation of [3H]tryptophan; co-cleotrophoresis with marker histones in various types of polyacrylamide gels, including a type run in two dimensions; peptide analysis of the arginine-rich fraction, F2A1. The four main histone fractions other than F1 were found to be synthesized at all stages of development. F1 histone synthesis was first detected at the late blastula stage.Rates of histone synthesis were estimated for the different stages of development and it was concluded that histone synthesis was not co-ordinated with DNA synthesis either temporally or quantitatively. Histone synthesis was unusual in the following major respects: histones were synthesized in oocytes, and yet in these cells DNA replication had not occurred for several months; histones were synthesized in activated or fertilized eggs at a rate far in excess (about 500 times) of the immediate requirements. We suggest that in order to provide enough histones for the late blastula embryo a store of histone is accumulated during the early cleavage stages and possibly during oogenesis.