Can creative firms thrive without copyright? Value generation and capture from private-collective innovation
Can creative firms thrive without copyright? Value generation and capture from private-collective innovation
复制标题
没有版权，创意公司能否蓬勃发展？
DOI：
10.1016/j.bushor.2018.04.005
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Erickson K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Erickson K
国家报告中对版权产业的描述表明，强大的知识产权(IP)支持创意公司。然而，来自视频游戏制作和3D打印等行业的越来越多证据表明，基于开放知识产权的商业模式也可以盈利。本研究探讨创意产业企业参与集体/开放式创新活动的知识产权保护与价值获取之间的关系。在这项研究中，22家受访企业的样本并不要求独家拥有创意材料，而是采用了一系列战略来竞争和获取价值。一些公司的收益类似于私人集体创新(PCI)参与者的收益，这最初是在开源软件开发中观察到的。PCI的优势包括将用户改进商业化的能力，以及与寻求和获得创新现有想法的许可相关的交易成本的降低。这项研究中的一些创意公司能够从两个方向产生和捕获PCI的价值：上游和下游。这些动态为理解和阐明开放对于创意产业政策和创意组织管理的价值提供了一种机制。
Accounts of the copyright industries in national reports suggest that strong intellectual property (IP) rights support creative firms. However, mounting evidence from sectors such as video game production and 3-D printing indicate that business models based on open IP can also be profitable. This study investigates the relationship between IP protection and value capture for creative industry firms engaged in collective/open innovation activities. A sample of 22 businesses interviewed in this study did not require exclusive ownership of creative materials but instead employed a range of strategies to compete and capture value. Benefits for some firms resemble those for participants in private-collective innovation (PCI), originally observed in open-source software development. Advantages of PCI include the ability to commercialize user improvements and a reduction in transaction costs related to seeking and obtaining permission to innovate existing ideas. Some creative firms in this study were able to generate and capture value from PCI in two directions: upstream and downstream. These dynamics offer a mechanism to understand and articulate the value of openness for creative industries policy and management of creative organizations.