Are Many Reactive Agents Better Than a Few Deliberative Ones?
Are Many Reactive Agents Better Than a Few Deliberative Ones?
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许多反应性代理是否比少数深思熟虑的代理更好？
DOI：
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kevin Knight
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kevin Knight
与L、L一样，解决问题的人范围很广，从高度怀疑到高度反应。高级数据库系统能够以有效的方法设计出L·L的图像，但它们需要完整的世界模型，并且需要消耗大量的计算资源。反应体系在实时运动，但不能保证有效的溶解离子。它们还会受到循环行为的影响。产生增量且更有效的解的一种方式是增量地更多地迭代，例如，增加动作之间的指导L搜索量。本文提出了一种产生更有效解的替代方法：同时增加反应剂的数量来解决给定的问题。这种方法提供了第二个正交度的自由度。我们发现，在许多领域，递增代理比递增单代理有效性更好。这是因为加入的反应剂越多，溶液的质量越好，而寻找的时间只会使L早期增加。这与之形成鲜明对比的是，增加了更多的深思熟虑，这导致L指数增加了时间成本。文中还给出了大量的经验证据来支持我们的结论。本文从两个方面对L的计算进行了探讨。
Problem solvers fa l l along a wide spectrum ranging f r om highly del iberat ive to h igh ly reactive. H igh ly del iberat ive systems are able to design op t ima l l y efficient solut ions to problems, bu t they require complete wor ld models and consume inord inate computa t iona l resources. Reactive systems move in real t ime but cannot guarantee efficient solut ions. They are also subject to looping behavior. One way to generate incremental ly more efficient solut ions is to be incremental ly more del iberat ive, e.g., to increase the amount of menta l search between actions. Th is paper presents an alternat ive method for generat ing more efficient solut ions: increasing the number of reactive agents simultaneously a t tack ing a given problem. Th is method provides a second, orthogonal degree of f reedom. We f ind tha t in many domains, increasing agents is dramat ica l ly superior to increasing single-agent del iberat iveness. Th is is because solut ion qual i ty improves rap id ly as more reactive agents are added, but search t ime only increases l inearly. Th is contrasts w i t h add ing more deliberativeness, which incurs exponent ia l ly increasing t ime costs. A m ple empir ical evidence is presented to support our conclusions. 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n Th is paper considers two aspects of computa t iona l prob-