Stochastic interacting particle systems out of equilibrium
Stochastic interacting particle systems out of equilibrium
复制标题
不平衡的随机相互作用粒子系统
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Claudio Landim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Bertini;A. Sole;A. Sole;D. Gabrielli;G. Jona;Claudio Landim;Claudio Landim
本文介绍了晶格气体非平衡态的一些随机模型，并讨论了近年来所取得的各种结果。尽管这些模型在微观特征上有所不同，但在宏观层面上出现了一个统一的画面，在我们看来，它适用于扩散是主要物理机制的实际现象。我们主要依靠作者在研究开放系统定态的动态大波动的基础上开发的一种方法。这种方法的结果是一个通过变分原理将非平衡热力学与输运系数联系起来的理论。这最终导致了一个以局部热力学变量为独立参数的非平衡自由能的Hamilton-Jacobi型泛函导数方程。在本文的第一部分中，我们详细介绍了所考虑的微观动力学，而第二部分，致力于宏观性质，说明了汉密尔顿-雅可比方程的许多结果。这两部分都包含了一些新奇的东西。
This paper provides an introduction to some stochastic models of lattice gases out of equilibrium and a discussion of results of various kinds obtained in recent years. Although these models are different in their microscopic features, a unified picture is emerging at the macroscopic level, applicable, in our view, to real phenomena where diffusion is the dominating physical mechanism. We rely mainly on an approach developed by the authors based on the study of dynamical large fluctuations in stationary states of open systems. The outcome of this approach is a theory connecting the non-equilibrium thermodynamics to the transport coefficients via a variational principle. This leads ultimately to a functional derivative equation of Hamilton–Jacobi type for the non-equilibrium free energy in which local thermodynamic variables are the independent arguments. In the first part of the paper we give a detailed introduction to the microscopic dynamics considered, while the second part, devoted to the macroscopic properties, illustrates many consequences of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation. In both parts several novelties are included.