Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fine Particulate Matter Emitted from Burning Kerosene, Liquid Petroleum Gas, and Wood Fuels in Household Cookstoves
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fine Particulate Matter Emitted from Burning Kerosene, Liquid Petroleum Gas, and Wood Fuels in Household Cookstoves
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b02641
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Hays, Michael D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shen, Guofeng;Preston, William;Hays, Michael D.
这项研究测量了住宅灶具颗粒物排放中的多环芳烃(PAH)成分。研究了各种燃料和炉具组合，包括：(I)液化石油气(LPG)，(Ii)灯芯炉具中的煤油，(Iii)强制通风风扇炉具中的木材(湿度为10%和30%)，以及(Iv)自然通风火箭炉具中的木材。在自然通风炉中燃烧的木材的多环芳烃排放量最高，其次是强制通风炉中的木材燃烧和煤油燃烧。液化石油气燃烧具有最高的热效率(类似于57%)和最低的单位燃料能量的多环芳烃排放量，导致单位可用能量的多环芳烃排放量最低(以交付的兆焦耳为单位，MJ(D))。与木材燃烧排放相比，液化石油气燃烧排放的高相对分子质量多环芳烃的比例也较低。在液化石油气和煤油买不到或买不起的农村地区，强制通风风炉有望成为替代方案，因为它的苯并[a]芘(B[a]P/MJ(D))排放系数(5.17-8.24µg B[a]P/MJ(D))和排放速率(0.522-0.583亩B[a]P/min)与煤油燃烧(5.36µg B[a]P/mj(D)和0.452亩B[a]P/min)相似。液化石油气相对较大的多环芳烃排放变异性表明，未来需要进行额外的测试，以确定影响这些燃烧排放的主要因素。这些未来的测试还应考虑到不同的液化石油气燃料配方和炉头类型。
This study measures polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compositions in particulate matter emissions from residential cookstoves. A variety of fuel and cookstove combinations are investigated, including: (i) liquid petroleum gas (LPG), (ii) kerosene in a wick stove, (iii) wood (10 and 30% moisture content on a wet basis) in a forced-draft fan stove, and (iv) wood in a natural-draft rocket cookstove. The wood burning in the natural-draft stove had the highest PAH emissions followed by the wood combustion in the forced-draft stove and kerosene burning. LPG combustion has the highest thermal efficiency (similar to 57%) and the lowest PAH emissions per unit fuel energy, resulting in the lowest PAH emissions per useful energy delivered (in the unit of megajoule delivered, MJ(d)). Compared with the wood combustion emissions, LPG burning also emits a lower fraction of higher molecular weight PAHs. In rural regions where LPG and kerosene are unavailable or unaffordable, the forced-draft fan stove is expected to be an alternative because its benzo[a]pyrene (B [413) emission factor (5.17-8.24 mu g B[a]P/MJ(d)) and emission rate (0.522-0.583 mu g B[a]P/min) are similar to those of kerosene burning (5.36 mu g B[a]P/MJ(d) and 0.452 mu g B[a]P/min). Relatively large PAH emission variability for LPG suggests a need for additional future tests to identify the major factors influencing these combustion emissions. These future tests should also account for different LPG fuel formulations and stove burner types.