Geochemical cycling of phosphorus in rivers
Geochemical cycling of phosphorus in rivers
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DOI：
10.1016/s0883-2927(02)00158-0
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发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
House, WA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
House, WA
污染物在淡水沃茨中的浓度不仅受到集水区内的点源和扩散源的控制，而且还受到在迁移过程中可能在水体中发生的多种生物地球化学反应（河流过程）的控制。以英格兰北方一条大河为例，采用“快照”现场取样技术对磷迁移进行了质量平衡研究。Swale）的总结，以确定的过程，有助于内部循环的河流，其相对大小相比，总出口的P.与沉积物的相互作用是一个重要的因素，控制浓度的可溶性P在水柱中，在低和高的河流流量，在某些情况下，在河中的存储量达到> 30%的负载吞吐量。先前的天气条件被确定为重要的控制池的细沉积物和相关的P可在风暴脉冲的再动员。已确定从现场研究的沉积物的磷反应的例子进行了简要回顾。本文首先从质量平衡的角度阐述了磷与河床沉积物的净相互作用，然后讨论了磷与沉积物的两种特殊相互作用：（a）浮游植物水华期间湖泊中磷酸盐与方解石的共沉淀作用和（B）富营养化湖泊和河流中沉积物缺氧区蓝云母的形成。磷酸盐与方解石共沉淀是一个重要的机制，控制P浓度在一些硬水湖泊，并已被发现贡献高达30%的干物质与硬水河床上的藻类生物膜的殖民化和发展。在接受处理过的污水的缺氧河流沉积物中检测到了蓝铁矿（质量分数高达20%），尽管对蓝铁矿的形成条件和沉积物中蓝铁矿的分布情况知之甚少。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司。保留所有权利。
Concentrations of contaminants in fresh waters are controlled, not only by point and diffuse sources within the catchment, but by a multitude of biogeochemical reactions (riverine processes) that may occur in the water column during transport. As an example, the results of mass-balance studies using "snapshot" field sampling techniques for P transport in a large river in Northern England (R. Swale) are summarised to identify the processes that contribute to internal cycling within the river, and their relative size compared with the total export of P. The interaction of P with sediments is an important factor controlling concentrations of soluble P in the water column, during both low and high river-flows, with in-river storage in some instances amounting to > 30% of the load throughput. Antecedent weather conditions are identified as important in controlling the pool of fine sediment and associated P available for remobilisation during storm pulses. Examples of P reactions with sediments that have been identified from field studies are briefly reviewed. Firstly, a mass-balance approach to elucidate the net interaction of P with river bed-sediments is presented and then two specific interactions of P with sediments are discussed: (a) the coprecipitation of phosphate with calcite in lakes during phytoplankton blooms and in benthic algal biofilms on river sediments and (b) the formation of vivianite in the anoxic zone of bed-sediment in eutrophic lakes and rivers. Phosphate coprecipitation with calcite is an important mechanism controlling P concentrations in some hardwater lakes, and has been found to contribute as much as 30% of the dry mass associated with the colonisation and development of algal biofilms on hardwater river beds. Vivianite has been detected in anoxic river sediments (up to 20% by mass) receiving treated sewage, although little is known about the conditions of formation and how widespread the occurrence of vivianite is in sediments. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.