ATTENTIONAL ALLOCATION WITHIN THE SYLLABIC STRUCTURE OF SPOKEN WORDS
ATTENTIONAL ALLOCATION WITHIN THE SYLLABIC STRUCTURE OF SPOKEN WORDS
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DOI：
10.1006/jmla.1993.1020
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发表时间：
1993-06-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
MEHLER, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PALLIER, C;SEBASTIANGALLES, N;MEHLER, J
使用 Pitt 和 Samuel (1990) 开发的音素检测任务的变体来探索音节在在线语音感知中的作用。在他们的任务中，听众对单词或非单词刺激内不同序列位置的音素的注意力是通过改变目标音素出现在不同位置的概率来控制的。在我们的实验中，法语和西班牙语受试者必须检测出现在第一个音节尾声或载体词第二个音节开头的目标。受试者对目标结构位置的期望被操纵。在一系列五个实验中（两个使用决策范式，三个使用检测范式），这些期望被证明会影响反应延迟：也就是说，当目标出现在这个位置时，注意第一个音节尾声的受试者比在第二个音节开始时更快；当受试者注意第二个音节的开始时，观察到相反的模式。无论目标的串行位置如何，该结果都会保持。这些结果对于法语和西班牙语同样有效。此外，当西班牙语伪词用作载体时，存在音节化。事实上，即使在处理非单词时，受试者也可以将注意力集中在音节定义的位置上，这表明音节信息是在词汇前的表征水平上指定的。操纵注意力的音素检测任务为我们提供了一种有趣的新技术来探索词前表征。
The role of the syllable during on-line speech perception was explored using a variant of the phoneme detection task developed by Pitt and Samuel (1990). In their task, listeners′ attention to phonemes in different serial positions inside word or nonword stimuli was manipulated by varying the probability that a target phoneme occurred in the various positions. In our experiments, French and Spanish subjects had to detect targets that appeared either in the coda of the first syllable or in the onset of the second syllable of carrier words. Subjects′ expectations about the structural position of the target were manipulated. In a series of five experiments (two using a decision paradigm and three using a detection paradigm), these expectations were shown to influence response latencies: that is, subjects who attended to the coda of the first syllable were faster when the target appeared in this position rather than in the onset of the second syllable; the reverse pattern was observed when subjects attended to the onset of the second syllable. This result held regardless of the serial position of the target. These results were equally valid for French and Spanish. Moreover, syllabification was present when Spanish pseudowords were used as carriers. The fact that subjects could focus their attention on a syllabically defined position, even when processing nonwords, suggests that syllabic information is specified at a prelexical level of representation. The phoneme detection task in which attention is manipulated provides us with an interesting new technique for exploring prelexical representations.